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During execution, the left inferior frontal cortex [Brodmann's area (BA) 44] was activated first (peak \u2248250 ms before the pinching); this activation was followed within 100\u2013200 ms by activation in the left primary motor area (BA4) and 150\u2013250 ms later in the right BA4. During imitation and observation, the sequence was otherwise similar, but it started from the left occipital cortex (BA19). Activation was always strongest during action imitation. Only the occipital activation was detected when the subject observed the experimenter reaching his hand without pinching. These results suggest that the left BA44 is the orchestrator of the human \u201cmirror neuron system\u201d and is strongly involved in action imitation. The mirror system matches action observation and execution and probably contributes to our understanding of actions made by others.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.2.913","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:41:48Z","timestamp":1027680108000},"page":"913-918","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":458,"title":["Temporal dynamics of cortical representation for action"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Nishitani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Research Unit, Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 2200, FIN-02015 HUT, Espoo, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Hari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Research Unit, Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. 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