{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T07:45:09Z","timestamp":1777621509910,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issue":"19","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,9,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            A novel multispecific organic anion transporting polypeptide (oatp2) has been isolated from rat brain. The cloned cDNA contains 3,640 bp. The coding region extends over 1,983 nucleotides, thus encoding a polypeptide of 661 amino acids. Oatp2 is homologous to other members of the\n            <jats:italic>oatp<\/jats:italic>\n            gene family of membrane transporters with 12 predicted transmembrane domains, five potential glycosylation, and six potential protein kinase C phosphorylation sites. In functional expression studies in\n            <jats:italic>Xenopus laevis<\/jats:italic>\n            oocytes, oatp2 mediated uptake of the bile acids taurocholate (\n            <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n            \u2248 35 \u03bcM) and cholate (\n            <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n            \u2248 46 \u03bcM), the estrogen conjugates 17\u03b2-estradiol-glucuronide (\n            <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n            \u2248 3 \u03bcM) and estrone-3-sulfate (\n            <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n            \u2248 11 \u03bcM), and the cardiac gylcosides ouabain (\n            <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n            \u2248 470 \u03bcM) and digoxin (\n            <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n            \u2248 0.24 \u03bcM). Although most of the tested compounds are common substrates of several oatp-related transporters, high-affinity uptake of digoxin is a unique feature of the newly cloned oatp2. On the basis of Northern blot analysis under high-stringency conditions, oatp2 is highly expressed in brain, liver, and kidney but not in heart, spleen, lung, skeletal muscle, and testes. These results provide further support for the overall significance of oatps as a new family of multispecific organic anion transporters. They indicate that oatp2 may play an especially important role in the brain accumulation and toxicity of digoxin and in the hepatobiliary and renal excretion of cardiac glycosides from the body.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.19.10346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T14:42:40Z","timestamp":1027694560000},"page":"10346-10350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":331,"title":["Isolation of a multispecific organic anion and cardiac glycoside transporter from\u2009rat\u2009brain"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Birgitta","family":"No\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Hagenbuch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Stieger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Meier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.1.133"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90588-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","first-page":"G231","volume":"271","author":"Bergwerk A J","year":"1996","unstructured":"A J Bergwerk, X Shi, A C Ford, N Kanai, E Jacquemin, R D Burk, S Bai, P M Novikoff, B Stieger, P J Meier, V L Schuster, A W Wolkoff Am J Physiol 271, G231\u2013G238 (1996).","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","first-page":"891","volume":"276","author":"Bossuyt X","year":"1996","unstructured":"X Bossuyt, M M\u00fcller, B Hagenbuch, P J Meier J Pharmacol Exp Ther 276, 891\u2013896 (1996).","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510240215"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","first-page":"1507","volume":"279","author":"Kontaxi M","year":"1996","unstructured":"M Kontaxi, U Eckhardt, B Hagenbuch, B Stieger, P J Meier, E Petzinger J Pharmacol Exp Ther 279, 1507\u20131513 (1996).","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.1.283"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.34.20719"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7754369"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","unstructured":"Meier P. 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