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This effect is not due to a down-regulation of the IFN\u03b3 receptor because phosphorylation of upstream-located Jak1 and Jak2 was not suppressed by UV light. In contrast, UV light had no effect on the phosphorylation of STAT3, which is activated by the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 6. The UV light effect on STAT1 phosphorylation could be antagonized by vanadate, indicating at least partial involvement of a protein tyrosine phosphatase. Therefore, this study indicates a mechanism by which UV light can inhibit gene activation and suggests STAT1 as a new extranuclear UV target closely located to the membrane.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.21.11490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T14:40:52Z","timestamp":1027694452000},"page":"11490-11495","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Down-regulation of interferon \u03b3-activated STAT1 by UV\u2009light"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Aragane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cell Biology and Immunobiology of the Skin, Department of Dermatology, University M\u00fcnster, M\u00fcnster, Germany"}]},{"given":"Dagmar","family":"Kulms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cell Biology and Immunobiology of the Skin, Department of Dermatology, University M\u00fcnster, M\u00fcnster, Germany"}]},{"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Luger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cell Biology and Immunobiology of the Skin, Department of Dermatology, University M\u00fcnster, M\u00fcnster, Germany"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Schwarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cell Biology and Immunobiology of the Skin, Department of Dermatology, University M\u00fcnster, M\u00fcnster, 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