{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T17:49:36Z","timestamp":1773683376346,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issue":"26","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) cells often harbor one of two unique chromosomal translocations, either t(2;13)(q35;q14) or t(1;13)(p36;q14). The chimeric proteins expressed from these rearrangements, PAX3-FKHR and PAX7-FKHR, respectively, are potent transcriptional activators. In an effort to exploit these unique cancer-specific molecules to achieve ARMS-specific expression of therapeutic genes, we have studied the expression of a minimal promoter linked to six copies of a PAX3 DNA binding site, prs-9. In transient transfections, expression of the prs-9-regulated reporter genes was \u2248250-fold higher than expression of genes lacking the prs-9 sequences in cell lines derived from ARMS, but remained at or below baseline levels in other cells. High expression of these prs-9-regulated genes was also observed in a cancer cell line that lacks t(2;13) but was stably transfected with a plasmid expressing PAX3-FKHR. Transfection of a plasmid containing the diphtheria toxin A chain gene regulated by prs-9 sequences (pA3\u20136PED) was selectively cytotoxic for PAX3-FKHR-expressing cells. This was shown by inhibition of gene expression from cotransfected plasmids and by direct cytotoxicity after transfected cells were isolated by cell sorting. Gene transfer of pA3\u20136PED may thus be useful as a cancer-specific treatment strategy for t(2;13)- or t(1;13)-positive ARMS. Furthermore, gene transfer of fusion protein-regulated toxin genes might also be applied to the treatment of other cancers that harbor cancer-specific chromosomal translocations involving transcription factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.26.14701","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T14:31:39Z","timestamp":1027693899000},"page":"14701-14706","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Regulated expression of the diphtheria toxin A chain by a tumor-specific chimeric transcription factor results in  selective toxicity for alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma\u2009cells"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Edmond S.","family":"Massuda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology, University of Wisconsin Children\u2019s Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53792; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6082; and Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262"}]},{"given":"Edward J.","family":"Dunphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology, University of Wisconsin Children\u2019s Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53792; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6082; and Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262"}]},{"given":"Rebecca A.","family":"Redman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology, University of Wisconsin Children\u2019s Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53792; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 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