{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T16:19:55Z","timestamp":1793981995121,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"14","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The challenge of meeting human development needs while protecting the earth's life support systems confronts scientists, technologists, policy makers, and communities from local to global levels. Many believe that science and technology (S&amp;T) must play a more central role in sustainable development, yet little systematic scholarship exists on how to create institutions that effectively harness S&amp;T for sustainability. This study suggests that efforts to mobilize S&amp;T for sustainability are more likely to be effective when they manage boundaries between knowledge and action in ways that simultaneously enhance the salience, credibility, and legitimacy of the information they produce. Effective systems apply a variety of institutional mechanisms that facilitate communication, translation and mediation across boundaries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1231332100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,8]],"date-time":"2003-07-08T15:18:15Z","timestamp":1057677495000},"page":"8086-8091","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2799,"title":["Knowledge systems for sustainable development"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"David W.","family":"Cash","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 79 John F. Kennedy Street, Cambridge, MA 02138; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Pierce Hall, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138; Program in Public Policy, Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, 33 Livingston Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ 08903; Initiative on Science and Technology for Sustainability, Arbeiterstrandbadstrasse 61, A-1210 Vienna, Austria;..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William C.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 79 John F. Kennedy Street, Cambridge, MA 02138; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Pierce Hall, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138; Program in Public Policy, Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, 33 Livingston Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ 08903; Initiative on Science and Technology for Sustainability, Arbeiterstrandbadstrasse 61, A-1210 Vienna, Austria;..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Alcock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 79 John F. Kennedy Street, Cambridge, MA 02138; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Pierce Hall, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138; Program in Public Policy, Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, 33 Livingston Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ 08903; Initiative on Science and Technology for Sustainability, Arbeiterstrandbadstrasse 61, A-1210 Vienna, Austria;..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy M.","family":"Dickson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 79 John F. 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