{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T17:56:00Z","timestamp":1774634160183,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,4]],"date-time":"2019-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":183,"URL":"https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/site\/aboutpnas\/licenses.xhtml"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Biodiversity encompasses multiple attributes such as the richness and abundance of species (taxonomic diversity), the presence of different evolutionary lineages (phylogenetic diversity), and the variety of growth forms and resource use strategies (functional diversity). These biodiversity attributes do not necessarily relate to each other and may have contrasting effects on ecosystem functioning. However, how they simultaneously influence the provision of multiple ecosystem functions related to carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling (multifunctionality) remains unknown. We evaluated the effects of the taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional attributes of dominant (mass ratio effects) and subordinate (richness effect) plant species on the multifunctionality of 123 drylands from six continents. Our results highlight the importance of the phylogenetic and functional attributes of subordinate species as key drivers of multifunctionality. In addition to a higher taxonomic richness, we found that simultaneously increasing the richness of early diverging lineages and the functional redundancy between species increased multifunctionality. In contrast, the richness of most recent evolutionary lineages and the functional and phylogenetic attributes of dominant plant species (mass ratio effects) were weakly correlated with multifunctionality. However, they were important drivers of individual nutrient cycles. By identifying which biodiversity attributes contribute the most to multifunctionality, our results can guide restoration efforts aiming to maximize either multifunctionality or particular nutrient cycles, a critical step to combat dryland desertification worldwide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1815727116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,4]],"date-time":"2019-04-04T23:47:23Z","timestamp":1554421643000},"page":"8419-8424","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":331,"title":["Phylogenetic, functional, and taxonomic richness have both positive and negative effects on ecosystem multifunctionality"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Yoann","family":"Le Bagousse-Pinguet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda y Geolog\u00eda, F\u00edsica y Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e1nica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 M\u00f3stoles, Spain;"},{"name":"Aix Marseille University, University of Avignon, CNRS, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Institut M\u00e9diterran\u00e9en de Biodiversit\u00e9 et d\u2019\u00c9cologie marine et continentale, F-13545 Aix-en-Provence cedex 04, France;"}]},{"given":"Santiago","family":"Soliveres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmento de Ecolog\u00eda, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain;"},{"name":"Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio Ram\u00f3n Margalef, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9730-3240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda y Geolog\u00eda, F\u00edsica y Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e1nica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 M\u00f3stoles, Spain;"},{"name":"Univ Clermont Auvergne, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecosyst\u00e8me Prairial, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9604-1111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rub\u00e9n","family":"Torices","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda y Geolog\u00eda, F\u00edsica y Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e1nica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 M\u00f3stoles, Spain;"},{"name":"Estacion Experimental de Zonas \u00c1ridas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, 04120 Almer\u00eda, Spain"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Berdugo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda y Geolog\u00eda, F\u00edsica y Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e1nica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 M\u00f3stoles, Spain;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7434-4856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando T.","family":"Maestre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda y Geolog\u00eda, F\u00edsica y Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e1nica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 M\u00f3stoles, Spain;"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1890\/06-2091.1","article-title":"Multiple functions increase the importance of biodiversity for overall ecosystem functioning","volume":"89","author":"Gamfeldt L","year":"2008","unstructured":"L Gamfeldt, H Hillebrand, PR Jonsson, Multiple functions increase the importance of biodiversity for overall ecosystem functioning. 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