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Herein, we addressed the contribution of type II NADH dehydrogenase (NDH2) and complex I activities to\n            <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n            physiology. Our results provide evidence that\n            <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n            NDH2 is essential throughout the parasites\u2019 life cycle, independently of the presence of a functional complex I. Furthermore, sustained expression of NDH2 renders complex I dispensable. This indicates that NDH2 has unique and essential function(s) in\n            <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n            parasites and validates the enzyme as a promising drug target. Future studies may benefit from the\n            <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n            model to unravel the metabolic advantage of type II NADH dehydrogenases, enlightening the reason for their persistence across evolution.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2103803118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,16]],"date-time":"2021-10-16T01:00:55Z","timestamp":1634346055000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["<i>Leishmania<\/i>\n            type II dehydrogenase is essential for parasite viability irrespective of the presence of an active complex I"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Margarida","family":"Duarte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;"},{"name":"Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;"}]},{"given":"Cleide","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;"},{"name":"Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8973-2309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gurleen Kaur","family":"Khandpur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biochemistry, Zentrum f\u00fcr Human- und Molekularbiologie, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8775-7959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamara","family":"Flohr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cellular Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany;"}]},{"given":"Jannik","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biochemistry, Zentrum f\u00fcr Human- und Molekularbiologie, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany;"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;"},{"name":"Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2081-4506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johannes M.","family":"Herrmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cellular Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany;"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biochemistry, Zentrum f\u00fcr Human- und Molekularbiologie, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany;"}]},{"given":"Ana M.","family":"Tom\u00e1s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;"},{"name":"Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;"},{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization Leishmaniasis - Fact sheet. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/leishmaniasis. 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