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Combining microfossil analysis from\n                    <jats:sup>210<\/jats:sup>\n                    Pb-dated sediments, radiocarbon dating of chitinous remains, and sediment DNA, we show\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bythotrephes<\/jats:italic>\n                    was present at low densities in inland lakes in Ontario, Canada, at least 100 years earlier than initially reported. We then consider how its recent proliferation coincided with widespread environmental change and shifts in other processes influencing its establishment and population growth. These results challenge widely accepted assumptions about the history of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bythotrephes<\/jats:italic>\n                    in North America and highlight the importance of temporal perspectives for managing species introductions and their impacts.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2622864123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T16:59:47Z","timestamp":1790269187000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Rewriting the history of the invasive spiny water flea in North America"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0773-9540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danai","family":"Kontou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/013meh722","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Ecosystems and Global Change Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge","place":["Cambridge, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippa L.","family":"Ascough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05jfq2w07","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"National Environmental Isotope Facility Radiocarbon Laboratory, Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre","place":["East Kilbride, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3860-8658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth J.","family":"Favot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03rcwtr18","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Vale Living with Lakes Centre, Cooperative Freshwater Ecology Unit, Laurentian University","place":["Sudbury, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Grooms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02y72wh86","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Paleoecological Environmental Assessment and Research Lab, Department of Biology, Queen\u2019s University","place":["Kingston, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4296-9528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew M.","family":"Paterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01q2d8e83","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Dorset Environmental Science Centre, Environmental Monitoring Branch, Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks","place":["Dorset, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2499-6696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John P.","family":"Smol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02y72wh86","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Paleoecological Environmental Assessment and Research Lab, Department of Biology, Queen\u2019s University","place":["Kingston, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2883-1901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Tanentzap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/013meh722","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Ecosystems and Global Change Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge","place":["Cambridge, United Kingdom"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03ygmq230","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Ecosystems and Global Change Group, School of Environment, Trent University","place":["Peterborough, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_1_2","unstructured":"H. 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