{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:29:57Z","timestamp":1785428997258,"version":"3.56.0"},"publisher-location":"Amsterdam","reference-count":54,"publisher":"John Benjamins Publishing Company","isbn-type":[{"value":"9789027208620","type":"print"},{"value":"9789027259974","type":"electronic"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study analyzes a database of initialized signs, which are formed with handshapes corresponding to English letters, collected from an ASL dictionary. ASL handshapes are classified as either primarily used for initialization, such as the R handshape, or rarely used for initialization, such as the X handshape. Additionally, initialized signs are shown to forge kind-of and whole-part relationships with existing ASL signs. An example is\n                    <jats:sc>\n                      <jats:underline>b<\/jats:underline>\n                      iology\n                    <\/jats:sc>\n                    , which derives from ASL\n                    <jats:sc>science<\/jats:sc>\n                    , reflecting that \u2018biology is a kind of science\u2019. These facts about initialized signs are analyzed in terms of constructional schemas, capturing properties that are shared among ASL signs and explaining productive instances of initialization (and de-initialization) in ASL.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1075\/cal.30.09lep","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,28]],"date-time":"2020-11-28T03:22:31Z","timestamp":1606533751000},"page":"267-305","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["From letters to families"],"prefix":"10.1075","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6268-790X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ryan","family":"Lepic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02b9aym09","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Gallaudet University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1757","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"CIT0521","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/454719"},{"key":"CIT0522","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511612824.005"},{"key":"CIT0523","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1360674313000154"},{"key":"CIT0524","volume-title":"Lexical Borrowing in American Sign Language","author":"Battison","year":"1978"},{"key":"CIT0525","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721414567527"},{"key":"CIT0526","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/sls.1981.0001"},{"key":"CIT0527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/lan.2004.0056"},{"key":"CIT0528","volume-title":"Construction Morphology","author":"Booij","year":"2010"},{"key":"CIT0529","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781410601513"},{"key":"CIT0530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/opli-2017-0007"},{"key":"CIT0531","first-page":"711","article-title":"From usage to grammar: The mind\u2019s response to repetition","volume-title":"Language","author":"Bybee","year":"2006"},{"key":"CIT0532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1075\/sll.11.1.03cor"},{"key":"CIT0533","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/cogl.1993.4.4.335"},{"key":"CIT0534","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780198299554.001.0001"},{"key":"CIT0535","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/cog-2014-0057"},{"key":"CIT0536","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1075\/sll.3.1.03fer"},{"key":"CIT0537","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1075\/sll.3.1.08fri"},{"key":"CIT0538","volume-title":"Explain Me This: Creativity, Competition, and the Partial Productivity of Constructions","author":"Goldberg","year":"2019"},{"key":"CIT0539","volume-title":"Constructions at Work: The Nature of Generalization in Language","author":"Goldberg","year":"2006"},{"key":"CIT0540","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/sls.1992.0020"},{"key":"CIT0541","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13670050903474051"},{"key":"CIT0542","first-page":"163","article-title":"Manual English and American Sign Language: Where do we go from here?","author":"Gustason","year":"1983","journal-title":"Language in Sign: An International Perspective on Sign Language"},{"key":"CIT0543","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110218442"},{"key":"CIT0544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1075\/cf.6.2.04hod"},{"key":"CIT0545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/cogl.2011.014"},{"issue":"3","key":"CIT0546","article-title":"Unlocking the curriculum: Principles for achieving access in deaf education","volume":"89","author":"Johnson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Gallaudet Research Institute Working Paper"},{"key":"CIT0547","volume-title":"The Signs of Language","author":"Klima","year":"1979"},{"key":"CIT0548","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110199154.1.45"},{"key":"CIT0549","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7208\/chicago\/9780226471013.001.0001"},{"key":"CIT0550","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1075\/sfsl.58.16leh"},{"key":"CIT0551","volume-title":"Motivation in morphology: Lexical patterns in ASL and English","author":"Lepic","year":"2015"},{"key":"CIT0552","first-page":"98","article-title":"Lexical blends and lexical patterns in English and in American Sign Language","volume-title":"Quo Vadis Morphology?: On-Line Proceedings of the Tenth Mediterranean Morphology Meeting (MMM10)","author":"Lepic","year":"2016"},{"key":"CIT0553","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5334\/gjgl.840"},{"key":"CIT0554","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1075\/sll.19.1.02lep"},{"key":"CIT0555","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-74394-3_6"},{"key":"CIT0556","volume-title":"What\u2019s Your Sign for Pizza? An Introduction to Variation in American Sign Language","author":"Lucas","year":"2003"},{"key":"CIT0557","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1163\/9789004653337","volume-title":"Language Contact in the American Deaf Community","author":"Lucas","year":"1992"},{"key":"CIT0558","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/enz024"},{"key":"CIT0559","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5209\/CJES.57198"},{"key":"CIT0560","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/langcog.2020.1"},{"key":"CIT0561","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1075\/sll.1.1.04pad"},{"key":"CIT0562","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195180947.003.0008"},{"key":"CIT0563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/sls.2003.0026"},{"key":"CIT0564","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/COG.2006.007"},{"key":"CIT0565","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781107280298.003"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0566","article-title":"Tracing the origins of legal terminology in ASL: Perspectives for ASL\/English interpreters","volume":"26","author":"Shaffer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Interpretation"},{"key":"CIT0567","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/sls.2010.0006"},{"key":"CIT0568","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctv2rh2938","volume-title":"A Historical and Etymological Dictionary of American Sign Language","author":"Shaw","year":"2015"},{"key":"CIT0569","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/eni001"},{"key":"CIT0570","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/sls.1990.0006"},{"key":"CIT0571","volume-title":"American Sign Language Handshape Dictionary","author":"Tennant","year":"2010","edition":"2"},{"key":"CIT0572","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199679898.001.0001"},{"key":"CIT0573","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1075\/sspcl.4"},{"key":"CIT0574","first-page":"103","article-title":"Some sociolinguistic aspects of French and American Sign Languages","author":"Woodward","year":"1980","journal-title":"Recent Perspectives on American Sign Language"}],"container-title":["Constructional Approaches to Language","Constructions in Contact 2"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T12:43:26Z","timestamp":1751460206000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/benjamins.com\/catalog\/cal.30.09lep"},"secondary":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1075\/cal.30.09lep\/html","label":"DeGruyter"}]},"subtitle":["Initialized signs in American Sign Language"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,19]]},"ISBN":["9789027208620","9789027259974"],"references-count":54,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1075\/cal.30.09lep","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1573-594X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1573-594X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,19]]}}}