{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T04:16:04Z","timestamp":1751516164336,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"Amsterdam","reference-count":64,"publisher":"John Benjamins Publishing Company","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9789027214720"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9789027246998"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This paper extends our previous study of <jats:sc>you was<\/jats:sc> and <jats:sc>you were<\/jats:sc> in eighteenth-century English drama, examining trends following Robert Lowth\u2019s proscription of <jats:sc>you was<\/jats:sc> in his grammar (<jats:xref>1762<\/jats:xref>) and complementing <jats:xref>Tieken-Boon van Ostade\u2019s (2002)<\/jats:xref> and <jats:xref>Laitinen\u2019s (2009)<\/jats:xref> studies of different genres. Comparing close readings of plays by four female playwrights to the same writers\u2019 novels, we find <jats:sc>you was<\/jats:sc> used increasingly after 1762 to indicate negative emotion and moments of dramatic significance, not unlike contemporary theatrical <jats:sc>thou<\/jats:sc> (<jats:xref>Nonomiya 2021<\/jats:xref>). Qualitatively, we confirm that <jats:sc>you was<\/jats:sc> had specifically theatrical functions, signalling deception and provocation (often by younger characters) and loss of control (often by older characters). We identify these disparate but recurrent meanings and personae with <jats:xref>Eckert\u2019s (2008)<\/jats:xref> concept of the indexical field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1075\/cilt.364.03hye","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]],"date-time":"2024-03-23T05:14:10Z","timestamp":1711170850000},"page":"60-84","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gender, genre, and prescriptivism"],"prefix":"10.1075","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5130-4934","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"James","family":"Hyett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9871-1745","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Carol","family":"Percy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03dbr7087","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Toronto"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1757","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"CIT0144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0271-5309(03)00012-0"},{"key":"CIT0145","article-title":"Lennox [n\u00e9e Ramsay], (Barbara) Charlotte (1730\/31?\u20131804), novelist and writer","volume-title":"Oxford Dictionary of National Biography","author":"Amory","year":"2009"},{"key":"CIT0146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1075\/ahs.3.07aue"},{"key":"CIT0147","volume-title":"Le barbier de S\u00e9ville, ou la pr\u00e9caution inutile, com\u00e9die en 4 actes, par M. de Beaumarchais","author":"Beaumarchais","year":"1775","edition":"3"},{"key":"CIT0148","article-title":"Celesia, Dorothea, 1738\u20131790","volume-title":"ProQuest biographies","author":"Blachnio","year":"2014"},{"key":"CIT0149","article-title":"Celesia [n\u00e9e Mallet], Dorothea (bap. 1738, d. 1790), playwright and poet","volume-title":"Oxford Dictionary of National Biography","author":"Breen","year":"2004"},{"volume-title":"Almida, a tragedy","year":"1771","author":"Celesia","key":"CIT0150"},{"volume-title":"Eastward hoe. 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