none 10.1075/pbns.315.06lau John Benjamins Publishing Company John Benjamins Publishing Company 1757 116973875 3568994 1420619 202412100018000050 10.1075 2024-12-09T18:19:57Z 2020-06-09T07:51:12Z 2 0922-842X 10.1075/pbns https://benjamins.com/catalog/pbns Ritva Laury University of Helsinki https://ror.org/040af2s02 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2808-6523 Tsuyoshi Ono University of Alberta https://ror.org/0160cpw27 Building language structure and social action This volume concerns the structure and use of fixed expressions in a range of typologically, genetically and areally distinct languages. The chapters consider the use contexts of fixed expressions, at the same time taking seriously the need to account for their structural aspects. Formulaicity is taken here as a central feature of everyday language use, and fixed expressions as a basic utterance building resource for interaction. Our crosslinguistic investigation suggests that humans have the propensity to automatize ways to handle various discourse-level needs for specific sequential contexts by creating (semi-)fixed expressions based on frequent patterns. The chapters examine topics such as the degrees and types of fixedness, the emergence of fixed expressions, their connection to social action, the new understanding of traditional linguistic categories in light of fixedness, crosslinguistic variation in types of fixed expressions, as well as their non-verbal aspects. The volume situates the notion of ‘units’ of language at the intersection of interaction and formal structure as part of a larger effort to replace rule-based conceptions of language with a more dynamic, realistic and pragmatically based model of language. The articles are based on naturally occurring data, mostly everyday conversation, in English, Estonian, Finnish, Japanese, and Mandarin, with some crosslinguistic comparison. 315 12 10 2020 11 6 2020 9789027207678 9789027260628 John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam 10.1075/pbns.315 http://www.jbe-platform.com/content/books/9789027260628 https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1075/pbns.315/html https://www.jbe-platform.com/deliver/fulltext/9789027260628.pdf Ritva Laury University of Helsinki https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2808-6523 Marja-Liisa Helasvuo University of Turku https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0090-9997 Janica Rauma University of Turku https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5506-1957 mä ajattelin että ‘I thought that’ in spoken Finnish Abstract This chapter concerns the first person past tense form of the verb ajatella ‘to think’ as a semi-fixed expression in spoken Finnish. We examine this expression in present-day conversation and in older dialect interviews, focusing on its interactional functions, the types of complements it takes, and its patterns of morphosyntactic fixedness and morphophonetic erosion in our two datasets. We show that the verb ajatella is most frequently used in its first person past tense form, mä ajattelin että [1 sg  + think- pst -1 sg  +  comp ] ‘I thought that’, and as has been shown for ‘think’ verbs in many other languages, it is commonly used to frame stance expressions, but another frequent use in our Finnish data is in prefacing the speaker’s expression of her own plans as well as proposals of joint action. Most commonly, mä ajattelin että is followed by clausal complements in our older data, while the complements are more diverse in the newer data, and the expression can also occur without any complements. We also show that while mä ajattelin että ‘I thought that’ occurs in our data in drastically reduced form and shows signs of morphosyntactic fixedness especially in the newer data, it cannot yet be said to have become an epistemic particle. 12 10 2020 11 6 2020 133 166 10.1075/pbns.315.06lau https://benjamins.com/catalog/pbns.315.06lau https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1075/pbns.315.06lau/html A morphosyntactically coded database of conversational Finnish Arkisyn 2018 Corpus of Finnish dialects LaX 2018 10.1075/pbns.161.05aij Studies in Spoken Languages: English, German, Finno-Ugric Auer 41 1992 The Neverending Sentence: On Rightward Expansion in Spoken Syntax 10.1515/text.2005.25.1.7 Praat: doing phonetics by computer Boersma 2018 10.1515/9783110197822.37 10.1017/CBO9780511750526 10.1075/prag.24.3.08cou 10.1075/sidag.10.02cou 10.1017/9781139507318 10.1075/sidag.17.14cou Verben in interaktiven Kontext. Bewegungsverben und mentale Verben im gesprochenen Deutsch Deppermann 337 2017 “Epistemische Praktiken und ihre feinen Unterschiede: Verwendungen von ich dachte in gesprochener Sprache.“ 10.1075/fol.00031.dep Kyoto University Linguistic Research Endo 29 43 2010 Epistemic Stance Marker as a Disagreement Preface: wo juede ‘I feel/think’ in Mandarin Conversation in Response to Assessments Chinese Discourse and Interaction: Theory and Practice Endo 12 2013 Epistemic Stance in Mandarin Conversation: The Positions and Functions of wo juede (I feel/think) Finiteness. Theoretical and Empirical Foundations Evans 366 2007 10.1093/oso/9780199213733.003.0011 Insubordination and Its Uses 10.1075/slsi.24.03gun Referointi ja moniäänisyys Haakana 114 2005 ”Sanottua, ajateltua ja melkein sanottua: Puheen ja ajatusten referointi valituskertomuksissa Reporting talk: Reported Speech in Interaction Haakana 150 2007 Reported Thought in Complaint Stories Yearbook of the Linguistic Association of Finland Hakulinen 149 1993 The Grammar of Opening Routines 10.1371/journal.pbio.0000058 10.1016/j.pragma.2013.11.011 10.1515/cllt-2015-0066 Linguistics in context Hopper 117 1988 Emergent Grammar and the A Priori Grammar Postulate 10.1515/9783110229080.22 10.1075/tsl.80.06hop 10.1515/9783110229080.127 10.1075/pbns.115 From ‘Will’ to ‘Well’. In Studies in Linguistics Kärkkäinen 293 2009 I Thought It Was Pretty Neat. Social Action Formats for Taking a Stance 10.1016/j.pragma.2012.09.005 From interaction to grammar: Estonian finite verb forms in conversation Keevallik 2003 10.31176/lu.2010.2.01 10.1016/j.pragma.2016.07.007 ‘I understand’-Initiated Formulations of the Other: A Semi-Fixed Claim to the Intersubjective Keevallik 2020 Language in the Inner City Labov 1972 10.1080/0163853X.2012.664758 10.1016/j.pragma.2016.07.005 10.1075/slsi.24.10lau 10.1515/9783110219258.69 10.1016/j.langsci.2016.02.008 10.1017/CBO9780511620874 10.1075/pb.ii.7 10.1075/slsi.24.06doe 10.1075/sidag.17.05duv 10.1017/CBO9780511791208 10.1016/S0378-2166(99)00032-6 10.1075/tsl.45.04sch 10.1515/ling.37.4.575 Gesprächsforschung – Online-Zeitschrift zur verbalen Interaktion Selting 1 76 2000 Argumente für die Entwicklung einer interaktionalen Linguistik 10.1075/pbns.70 10.1075/prag.23.3.07ste 10.1075/ijcl.8.1.04tao 10.1075/sl.26.1.05tho 10.1075/tsl.19.2.tho 10.1016/0378-2166(91)90012-M Future time reference in European Languages II Tommola 12 1992 The Marking of Future Time Reference in Finnish