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                  <titles>
                    <title>Studies in Language Variation</title>
                  </titles>
                  <issn media_type="print">1872-9592</issn>
                  <doi_data>
                    <doi>10.1075/silv</doi>
                    <resource>https://benjamins.com/catalog/silv</resource>
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                  <person_name sequence="first" contributor_role="editor">
                    <given_name>Sandra</given_name>
                    <surname>Jansen</surname>
                    <affiliations>
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                      <institution>
                        <institution_name />
                      </institution>
                      <institution>
                        <institution_name>University of Paderborn</institution_name>
                      </institution>
                      <institution>
                        <institution_name />
                      </institution>
                    </affiliations>
                    <ORCID authenticated="true">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5216-921X</ORCID>
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                  <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="editor">
                    <given_name>Lucia</given_name>
                    <surname>Siebers</surname>
                    <affiliations>
                      <!--rid:book-meta1-aff2-->
                      <institution>
                        <institution_name />
                      </institution>
                      <institution>
                        <institution_name>University of Regensburg</institution_name>
                      </institution>
                      <institution>
                        <institution_name />
                      </institution>
                    </affiliations>
                  </person_name>
                </contributors>
                <titles>
                  <title>Processes of Change</title>
                  <subtitle>Studies in Late Modern and Present-Day English</subtitle>
                </titles>
                <jats:abstract xmlns:jats="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1">
                  <jats:p>The present volume brings together leading scholars studying language change from a variety of sociolinguistic perspectives, complementing and enriching the existing literature by providing readers with a kaleidoscopic perspective of aspects of change in English from around 1700 until the present day. The volume presents a collection of in-depth studies on a broad spectrum of phonetic, lexical, grammatical and discourse variation, drawing on historical corpora, dictionaries, metalinguistic commentary, ego-documents, spoken language and survey data.</jats:p>
                  <jats:p />
                  <jats:p>Apart from advancing our knowledge of processes of language change in varieties of English, including British English, Irish English, Australian English, South African English, American English and Canadian English, the individual chapters contribute to the theoretical debates on variation and change in Late Modern as well as Present-day English.</jats:p>
                </jats:abstract>
                <volume>21</volume>
                <publication_date media_type="print">
                  <month>8</month>
                  <day>13</day>
                  <year>2019</year>
                </publication_date>
                <publication_date media_type="online">
                  <month>8</month>
                  <day>9</day>
                  <year>2019</year>
                </publication_date>
                <isbn media_type="print">9789027204141</isbn>
                <isbn media_type="electronic">9789027262103</isbn>
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                  <publisher_name>John Benjamins Publishing Company</publisher_name>
                  <publisher_place>Amsterdam</publisher_place>
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                  <doi>10.1075/silv.21</doi>
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                  <person_name sequence="first" contributor_role="author">
                    <given_name>Samantha</given_name>
                    <surname>Litty</surname>
                  </person_name>
                  <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
                    <given_name>Jennifer</given_name>
                    <surname>Mercer</surname>
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                  <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
                    <given_name>Joseph</given_name>
                    <surname>Salmons</surname>
                    <ORCID authenticated="true">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3491-0443</ORCID>
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                <titles>
                  <title>Early immigrant English</title>
                  <subtitle>Midwestern English before the dust settled</subtitle>
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                <jats:abstract xmlns:jats="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1">
                  <jats:p>
                    We explore the development of final obstruent neutralization (German
                    <jats:italic>Bad</jats:italic>
                    ‘bath’: /ba:d/ =
                                [ba:t]) and other features of an emerging Wisconsin English variety that has been shaped by contact, while considering
                                multiple factors such as input, contact, and influence from other varieties. We draw our data from immigrant letters
                                and supplement these with what is known about education and language guides available to early immigrants, as well as
                                contact with other language varieties and dialects. Through time and over remarkably heterogeneous varieties of
                                English and German, we trace the presence of this feature in German and English, where it has been transformed.
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                </jats:abstract>
                <publication_date media_type="print">
                  <month>8</month>
                  <day>13</day>
                  <year>2019</year>
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                <publication_date media_type="online">
                  <month>8</month>
                  <day>9</day>
                  <year>2019</year>
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                <pages>
                  <first_page>115</first_page>
                  <last_page>138</last_page>
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                  <doi>10.1075/silv.21.07lit</doi>
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                    <author>Ahn</author>
                    <cYear>1923</cYear>
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                    <volume_title>Keeping in touch. Familiar letters across the English-speaking world</volume_title>
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                    <doi provider="crossref">10.1075/ahs.10.02bag</doi>
                    <article_title>Wisconsin immigrant letters: German transfer to Wisconsin English</article_title>
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