{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T11:27:00Z","timestamp":1790508420067,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]],"date-time":"2004-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1072915200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]],"date-time":"2004-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1072915200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004]]},"DOI":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,18]],"date-time":"2005-08-18T09:08:42Z","timestamp":1124356122000},"page":"505-520","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["What can we learn today from the Central European smog episode of 1985 (and earlier episodes)?"],"prefix":"10.1078","volume":"207","author":[{"given":"H.-Erich","family":"Wichmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322_bib1","first-page":"328","article-title":"Auswirkungen der Smog-Tage des Winters 1981\/82 auf die Mortalit\u00e4t in Berlin (West) (Effects of the smog of winter 1981\/82 on mortality in West Berlin)","volume":"10","author":"Borgers","year":"1982","journal-title":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1080\/00022470.1986.10466168","article-title":"Decline in children's pulmonary function during an air pollution episode","volume":"36","author":"Dassen","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Air Pollut Control Assoc Nov"},{"key":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322_bib3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Analyse der Smoglage vom 16.-21. Januar 1985 im Rhein-Ruhr-Gebiet (Analysis of the smog episode from January 16 to 21, 1985, in the Rhine-Ruhr-District)","volume":"55","author":"K\u00fclske","year":"1985","journal-title":"LIS-Berichte, Landesanstalt f\u00fcr Immissionsschutz Essen"},{"key":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322_bib4","unstructured":"LSHTM (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine): The Big Smoke: Fifty years after the 1952 London Smog. Book of Abstracts (2002)"},{"key":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322_bib5","series-title":"50 years on. The struggle for air quality in London since the great smog of December 1952","author":"Mayor of London","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322_bib6","first-page":"831","article-title":"Einfluss von winterlicher Jahreszeit und Smog auf den Krankheits-verlauf (Influence of winter time and smog on the course of the disease)","volume":"41","author":"Meister","year":"1987","journal-title":"Prax Klin Pneumol"},{"key":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)01211-7","article-title":"Increased plasma viscosity during the 1985 air pollution episode: A link to mortality?","volume":"349","author":"Peters","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322_bib8","unstructured":"Peters, A., Perz, S., D\u00f6ring, A., Stieber, J., Koenig, W., Wichmann, H.-E.: Activation of the autonomic nervous system and blood coagulation in association with an air pollution episode. In: Proceedings of the 3rd colloquium on particulate air pollution and human health, June 6\u20138 1999. Durham NC 1999a"},{"key":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009934","article-title":"Increases in heart rate during an air pollution episode","volume":"150","author":"Peters","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322_bib10","first-page":"553","article-title":"RIVM (1985)","volume":"79","year":"1989","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322_bib11","series-title":"Smog Episodes","first-page":"119","article-title":"Smogepisoden im Ruhrgebiet seit 1980 (Smog episodes in the Ruhr district since 1980)","author":"Schmitt","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322_bib12","first-page":"250","article-title":"The London fog of December 1962","volume":"109","author":"Scott","year":"1963","journal-title":"Med. Officer"},{"key":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.93101518","article-title":"Air pollution and daily mortality in Erf\u00fcrt, East Germany, from 1980\u20131989","volume":"101","author":"Spix","year":"1993","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322_bib14","first-page":"190","article-title":"Untersuchungen zur Mortalit\u00e4t in NRW w\u00e4hrend der Inversionswetterlage Dezember 1962 (Investigations on mortality in North-Rhine Westfalia during the inversion-weather situation in December 1962)","volume":"31","author":"Steiger","year":"1971","journal-title":"Staub-Reinhaltung der Luft"},{"key":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322_bib15","first-page":"445","article-title":"Mortalit\u00e4tsuntersuchung w\u00e4hrend der Smogwetterlage im westlichen Ruhrgebiet am 17. Januar 1979 (Investigation on mortality during the smog period in the Western Ruhr District on January 17, 1979)","volume":"171","author":"Steiger","year":"1980","journal-title":"Zbl Bact Hyg B"},{"key":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322_bib16","series-title":"Report from WHO working group meeting Bonn, 13.-15. January 2003","article-title":"Health aspects of air pollution with particulate matter, ozone and nitrogen dioxide","author":"WHO","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322_bib17","series-title":"Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen von Feinstaub (Health effects of fine particulate matter) ecomed","author":"Wichmann","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.897989","article-title":"Health effects during a smog episode in West Germany in 1985","volume":"79","author":"Wichmann","year":"1989","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322_bib19","series-title":"Kleinr\u00e4umige Analyse der Smogepisode des Januar 1985 unter Ber\u00fccksichtigung meteorologischer Einfl\u00fcsse (Small area analysis of the smog episode of January 1985 considering meteorological influences)","author":"Wichmann","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00322_bib20","series-title":"Daily Mortality and Fine and Ultrafine Particles in Erf\u00fcrt, Germany. Part I: Role of Particle Number and Particle Mass","author":"Wichmann","year":"2000"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1438463905703163?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1438463905703163?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T17:07:37Z","timestamp":1761412057000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1438463905703163"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004]]}},"alternative-id":["S1438463905703163"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1078\/1438-4639-00322","relation":{},"ISSN":["1438-4639"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1438-4639","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"What can we learn today from the Central European smog episode of 1985 (and earlier episodes)?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1078\/1438-4639-00322","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2004 Urban & Fischer Verlag. Published by Elsevier GmbH All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}