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The issues are discussed from the dual perspectives of avoiding under-nutrition and obesity. It is shown that, in practice, human metabolic processes can adapt to a wide range of fuel supply by altering fuel selection. It is concluded that, at the metabolic level, only diets with the most extreme macronutrient composition would have any consequences by exceeding the natural ability to modify fuel selection. However, diets of different macronutrient composition and energy density can have profound implications for innate appetite regulation and hence overall energy consumption.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1079\/phn2005779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,2]],"date-time":"2005-11-02T16:14:02Z","timestamp":1130948042000},"page":"932-939","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Macronutrients as sources of food energy"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Andrew M","family":"Prentice","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/62.2.316"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0800715"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref054","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS19970090"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref020","first-page":"173","article-title":"A simplified approach to assessing adult chronic energy deficiency","volume":"46","author":"Ferro-Luzzi","year":"1992","journal-title":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(96)00456-1"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/62.1.264S"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref044","first-page":"832","article-title":"The fat paradox: fat-induced satiety signals but overconsumption on high fat foods","volume":"19","author":"Blundell","year":"1995","journal-title":"International Journal of Obesity"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.1997.tb01593.x"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref008","first-page":"47","article-title":"The case of the missing calories","volume":"45","author":"Lands","year":"1987","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref007","first-page":"S44","article-title":"Alcohol and obesity","volume":"19","author":"Prentice","year":"1995","journal-title":"International Journal of Obesity"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref002","volume-title":"Food Energy \u2013 Methods of Analysis and Conversion Factors","year":"2002"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0800867"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref029","first-page":"111","article-title":"Twenty-four hour energy expenditure and thermogenesis: response to progressive carbohydrate overfeeding in man","volume":"9","author":"Schutz","year":"1984","journal-title":"International Journal of Obesity"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/appe.1996.0013"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref045","first-page":"79","article-title":"Dietary fat and obesity: evidence from epidemiology","volume":"49","author":"Lissner","year":"1995","journal-title":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/57.6.897"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04041-1"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/67.3.535S"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.105.5.1115"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref010","first-page":"103","volume-title":"Health Issues Related to Alcohol Consumption","author":"Westerterp","year":"1999"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.3.259"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref011","first-page":"573","article-title":"Influence of macronutrients on adiposity development: a follow-up study of nutrition and growth from 10 months to 8 years of age","volume":"19","author":"Rolland-Cachera","year":"1995","journal-title":"International Journal of Obesity"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/50.2.307"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/31.2.206"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/55.5.934"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref017","first-page":"820","article-title":"Dietary composition and fat to sugar ratios in relation to obesity","volume":"18","author":"Bolton-Smith","year":"1994","journal-title":"International Journal of Obesity"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/60.4.534"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.6.976"},{"key":"S1368980005001266_ref004","volume-title":"Carbohydrates in Human Nutrition. 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