{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T12:44:33Z","timestamp":1789994673850,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,9]],"date-time":"2007-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1173398400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":5486,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Plastic particles with different densities (0.92, 1.03, 1.22 and 1.44 g\/ml) and sizes (1, 10 and 20 mm) were introduced into the rumen of fistulated sheep kept on a roughage diet. The forestomach was emptied 12 and 24 h after the introduction of the particles, and the contents were replaced by the same amount of rumen contents without plastic particles. The proportions of particles which left the reticulo-rumen (RR) during the experimental period were determined by collecting the faeces during the following 5 d. Non-ruminated particles were separated from the dried RR contents and from the faeces. Large particles were ruminated independently of particle size and density within the investigated range. After 12 and 24 h, 59 and 81% respectively of the particles initially introduced were comminuted due to rumination. During the 12 h period about four times as many particles with a density of 1.44 g\/ml passed from the RR into the omasum compared with particles with a density of 0.92 or 1.03 g\/ml. Three to ten times more 1 mm particles were excreted than originally-large particles (10 and 20 mm). Particles introduced with an original size of 10 or 20 mm were recovered mostly comminuted in the faeces. In a further experiment the rumens of eight sheep were emptied and filled with a buffer solution. Plastic particles (10 g) of each length (1, 5, 10 and 20 mm; all with a density of 1.03 g\/ml) were introduced into the ventral rumen. Sedimentation of particles was prevented by gassing the solution in the RR. Of the initially introduced particles, 31.9, 25.4, 12.7 and 1.5% of the 1, 5, 10 and 20 mm long particles respectively left the RR within 4 h. It is concluded that rumination of particles is independent of particle density and size within the tested range. The probability of particles leaving the RR increases with the higher particle density and with the smaller size. If particle sedimentation is prevented in the RR even 10 mm long particles can leave the RR in considerable amounts.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Particle size: Particle density: Passage: Rumination: Sheep<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1079\/bjn19920027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,19]],"date-time":"2005-05-19T23:49:52Z","timestamp":1116546592000},"page":"235-244","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["The influence of density and size of particles on rumination and passage from the reticulo-rumen of sheep"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Kaske","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Hatiboglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. V.","family":"ENGELHARDT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1960.198.2.449","article-title":"Function of the bovine omasum in ingesta transfer","volume":"198","author":"Stevens","year":"1960","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(87)80224-2"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref010","first-page":"173","volume-title":"Control of Digestion and Metabolism in Ruminants,","author":"Faichney","year":"1986"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref016","first-page":"170","volume-title":"Techniques in Particle Size Analysis of Feed and Digesta in Ruminants, Canadian Society of Animal Science, Occasional Publication","author":"Kennedy","year":"1984"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1974.sp010525"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1982.544885x"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref028","first-page":"103","volume-title":"Fibre in Human and Animal Nutrition,","author":"Ulyatt","year":"1983"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4141\/cjas84-280"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref001","first-page":"669","article-title":"Regulation of voluntary food intake in ruminants","volume":"32","author":"Balch","year":"1962","journal-title":"Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19620049"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1984.592470x"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref005","unstructured":"Durkwa L. (1983) Length and specific gravity of particles passed from the rumen and changes in ingesta specific gravity. PhD Thesis, University of Vermont, Burlington."},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(84)81354-5"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(86)80439-8"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0442.1969.tb00761.x"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19730114"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(85)80945-0"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref013","unstructured":"Kaske M. (1987) Die Retention von Partikeln unterschiedlicher Dichte und Gr\u00f6\u03b2e im Retikulorumen von Schafen. (Retention of particles of different density and size in the reticulo-rumen of sheep.) Inaugural-Dissertation, University of Hannover."},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19900133"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S002185960003879X"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19890047"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(86)80723-8"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref020","volume-title":"Agrikulturchemische Untersuchungsmethoden","author":"Nehring","year":"1960"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021859600028859"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref023","first-page":"173","article-title":"The physical breakdown of feed during digestion in the rumen","volume":"37","author":"Reid","year":"1977","journal-title":"Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref026","first-page":"43","volume-title":"Comparative Aspects of Physiology of Digestion in Ruminants,","author":"Sutherland","year":"1988"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref029","first-page":"498","volume-title":"Control of Digestion and Metabolism in Ruminants,","author":"Ulyatt","year":"1986"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref030","first-page":"351","volume-title":"Digestion and Metabolism in the Ruminant,","author":"Van Soest","year":"1975"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref031","volume-title":"Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant","author":"Van Soest","year":"1982"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref024","first-page":"98","article-title":"Radiological observations of gastric and caudal thoracic oesophageal movements in sheep during regurgitation of rumination","volume":"332","author":"Rousseau","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref034","volume-title":"Statistical Principles in Experimental Design,","author":"Winer","year":"1971"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19850065"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0003356100026295"},{"key":"S000711459200028X_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19880137"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S000711459200028X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,16]],"date-time":"2019-05-16T22:21:12Z","timestamp":1558045272000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S000711459200028X\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,3]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S000711459200028X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1079\/bjn19920027","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1145","1475-2662"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1145","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-2662","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,3]]}}}