{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T15:22:09Z","timestamp":1760887329373},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,7]],"date-time":"2007-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1181174400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":1437,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Our objective was to determine whether dietary plant proteins such as soya-protein isolate (SPI) and rice-protein isolate (RPI) compared with animal proteins, such as casein, could afford beneficial effects on atherosclerosis development in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. In experiment 1, male and female mice were fed on a purified diet containing either casein, SPI or RPI for 9 weeks. The<jats:italic>en face<\/jats:italic>lesion area in the aorta (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0\u00b705) and the lesion size in the aortic root (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0\u00b705) in mice fed the casein-based diet were greater than those in the SPI or RPI groups. The plant protein groups had an increased concentration of serum<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-arginine (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0\u00b705) and NO metabolites (NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>plus NO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0\u00b705) than did the casein group. The inhibitory effect of the plant proteins on the lesion formations was unrelated to gender and total serum cholesterol. In experiment 2, the<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-arginine and<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-methionine contents were the same in the<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-arginine-supplemented casein-based and SPI-based diets, and between the<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-methionine-supplemented SPI-based and the casein-based diets. Male mice were fed on the diets for 15 weeks. There were no significant differences in the<jats:italic>en face<\/jats:italic>lesion area and the lesion size between the casein group and the<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-arginine-supplemented group, although the serum<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-arginine (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0\u00b705) and NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>plus NO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>(<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0\u00b705) concentrations in the supplemented group were higher than those in the casein group. There were no significant effects of<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-methionine supplementation on the lesion formations. In experiment 3, male mice were given the casein-based diet or the<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-arginine-supplemented casein-based diet together with water or water containing an NO synthesis inhibitor for 9 weeks. When given the casein-based diet, the inhibitor drinking, compared with water drinking, resulted in a reduction of the serum NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>plus NO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>concentration (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0\u00b701) and an increase in the<jats:italic>en face<\/jats:italic>lesion area (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0\u00b705) and the lesion size (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0\u00b701). When given the<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-arginine-supplemented diet, the inhibitor drinking, compared with water drinking, resulted in no increase in the lesion area and size. These results demonstrate anti-atherogenic potentials of SPI- as well as RPI-derived proteins, but their<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-arginine and<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-methionine contents were not sufficient enough to explain the underlying mechanism(s).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1079\/bjn2003878","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,9]],"date-time":"2003-07-09T21:42:52Z","timestamp":1057786972000},"page":"13-20","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Anti-atherogenic effect of soya and rice-protein isolate, compared with casein, in apolipoprotein E-deficient 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