{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T18:10:30Z","timestamp":1790187030269,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,8]],"date-time":"2007-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1173312000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":219,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Since the last century, fortified and enriched foods are products whose original composition has been modified\u2013through addition of essential nutrients\u2013to satisfy specific population needs. For the fortification of foods to have a positive impact on nutritional status, the micronutrients added must be well absorbed and utilized by the organism (bioavailability). Diverse factors affect bioavailability, such as the nutritional status of individuals, the presence in the diet of substances which facilitate or inhibit its absorption, interactions among micronutrients, illnesses, and chemical characteristics of the compound used for fortification. In countries such as Chile, Venezuela and Mexico, important effects have been demonstrated in reducing iron deficiency anaemia in children under 5 years of age. In less than a decade, the salt iodization programme has also proven its effectiveness. Other programmes have fortified foods with Zn, vitamin A and folic acid, which are deficient in infants and children of many populations. In summary, food fortification is a low-cost, relatively simple strategy that may reach a wide range of people, and contribute to reducing the high prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies affecting children, especially in poor countries. The costs due to losses of human capital and their repercussions on health and future development are very high. Building links among academic researchers, politicians, food manufacturers and consumers is essential in order for food fortification to be efficacious and effective, and therefore should be considered as part of an integral strategy to combat micronutrient deficiencies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1079\/bjn20061704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,10]],"date-time":"2010-12-10T05:46:49Z","timestamp":1291960009000},"page":"S73-S77","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The role of enriched foods in infant and child nutrition"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Teresa","family":"Shamah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvador","family":"Villalpando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref019","volume-title":"Enriching Lives: Overcoming Vitamin and Mineral Malnutrition in Developing Countries","year":"1994"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.2004.tb00074.x"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref006","first-page":"S149","article-title":"Vitamin C status, cervico-vaginal infection and premature rupture of amniotic membranes","volume":"26","author":"Casanueva","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Med Res"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref001","unstructured":"Anon. (1997) La carencia de hierro, un problema frecuente en Espa\u00f1a. Jano Diario, 6 October."},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref026","first-page":"1","article-title":"Alimentos fortificados y enriquecidos","volume":"14","author":"Pantanelli","year":"2000","journal-title":"Revista Alimentos Argentinos"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref023","first-page":"6","volume-title":"Strategic Plan 2003\u20132004, Flour Fortification Initiative","author":"Maberly","year":"2003"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref040","first-page":"119","article-title":"Dietary vitamin-A deficiency: effects on growth infection, and mortality","volume":"19","author":"West","year":"1991","journal-title":"Food Nutr Bull"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref016","unstructured":"Hertrampf E (2003) Fortificaci\u00f3n de la harina de trigo en Chile: hierro y \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico. Paper presented at Fortificaci\u00f3n de harinas con hierro, \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico y vitamina B 12 en las Am\u00e9ricas, Organizaci\u00f3n Panamericana de la Salud (OPS\/OMS), Centros para el Control y Prevenci\u00f3n de Enfermedades (CDC), March of Dimes (MOD), Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia (UNICEF), Santiago, Chile, 9\u201310 October."},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2003.10.013"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref020","volume-title":"Nutrici\u00f3n Humana en el Mundo en Desarrollo. Colecci\u00f3n FAO: Alimentaci\u00f3n y Nutrici\u00f3n","author":"Latham","year":"2002"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/75.6.1062"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/62.6.1521S"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref007","first-page":"401","article-title":"Incidence of premature rupture of membranes in pregnant women with low leukocyte levels of vitamin C","volume":"45","author":"Casanueva","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-36341998000200012"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/130.10.2520"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref038","volume-title":"Nutrition Throughout the Life Cycle. 4th Report on The World Nutrition Situation","year":"2000"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/66.5.1178"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref041","volume-title":"Iron Deficiency Anaemia: Assessment, Prevention, and Control","year":"2001"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref033","first-page":"602","article-title":"Factors affecting nutrient intake in children","volume":"45","author":"Serra-Majem","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Nutr Metab"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-36342003001000005"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref028","first-page":"27","volume-title":"Modern Aspects of Nutrition: Present Knowledge and Future Perspectives","author":"Rivera","year":"2001"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref037","first-page":"64","volume-title":"Estado Mundial de la Infancia","year":"1998"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref013","unstructured":"Freire W (2003) Situaci\u00f3n de hierro, folatos y vitamina B 12 en las Am\u00e9ricas. Paper presented at Fortificaci\u00f3n de harinas con hierro, \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico y vitamina B 12 en las Am\u00e9ricas, Organizaci\u00f3n Panamericana de la Salud (OPS\/OMS), Centros para el Control y Prevenci\u00f3n de Enfermedades (CDC), March of Dimes (MOD), Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia (UNICEF), Santiago, Chile, 9\u201310 October."},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1301\/002966402320285173"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref011","unstructured":"Dietz W (2003) Global problem of deficiencies in iron, folic acid, and vitamin B 12, and food fortification as a key public health intervention. Paper presented at Fortificaci\u00f3n de harinas con hierro, \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico y vitamina B 12 en las Am\u00e9ricas, Organizaci\u00f3n Panamericana de la Salud (OPS\/OMS), Centros para el Control y Prevenci\u00f3n de Enfermedades (CDC), March of Dimes (MOD), Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia (UNICEF), Santiago, Chile, 9\u201310 October."},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/72.2.594S"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1201\/9781482277562","volume-title":"Vitamin A in Health and Disease","author":"Blomhoff","year":"1994"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03530210052030"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.1999.tb01773.x"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref010","first-page":"302","article-title":"The prevalence of anemia in the world","volume":"38","author":"De Maeyer","year":"1985","journal-title":"World Health Stat Q"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/28.5.874"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref018","first-page":"186","article-title":"Assessment of the risk of zinc deficiency in populations and options for its control. IZINCG Technical Document, 1","volume":"24","author":"Hotz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Food Nutr Bull"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.903"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/156482659902000405"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref022","first-page":"43","volume-title":"Folate in Health and Disease","author":"Lindembaum","year":"1995"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(94)90176-7"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref025","first-page":"69","article-title":"El enriquecimiento con hierro de la leche: la experiencia chilena (Iron fortification of milk in Chile)","volume":"32","author":"Olivares","year":"2003","journal-title":"Food Nutr Agric"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref029","volume-title":"The Economic Consequences of Iron Deficiency","author":"Ross","year":"1999"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1301\/00296640260085958"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/0198292686.001.0001"},{"key":"S0007114506002388_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/78.2.284"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0007114506002388","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,2]],"date-time":"2019-05-02T16:00:39Z","timestamp":1556812839000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0007114506002388\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007114506002388"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1079\/bjn20061704","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1145","1475-2662"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1145","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-2662","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]}}}