{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T20:08:37Z","timestamp":1792267717229,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,13]],"date-time":"2018-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1531440000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":4698,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Helminthol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Considered a secondary zoonotic disease until the mid-1990s, human fascioliasis is at present emerging or re-emerging in many countries, including increases of prevalence and intensity and geographical expansion. Research in recent years has justified the inclusion of fascioliasis in the list of important human parasitic diseases. At present, fascioliasis is a vector-borne disease presenting the widest known latitudinal, longitudinal and altitudinal distribution. <jats:italic>Fasciola hepatica<\/jats:italic> has succeeded in expanding from its European original geographical area to colonize five continents, despite theoretical restrictions related to its biology and in turn dependent upon environmental and human activities. Among the different epidemiological situations, human hypo- to hyperendemic areas, including epidemics, are noteworthy. A global analysis of the distribution of human cases shows that the expected correlation between animal and human fascioliasis only appears at a basic level. Areas presenting very high human prevalences and intensities, especially in children and females, have been recently described. In hypo- to hyperendemic areas of Central and South America, Europe, Africa and Asia, human fascioliasis presents a range of epidemiological characteristics related to a wide diversity of environments. Thus far well-known epidemiological patterns of fascioliasis may not always explain the transmission characteristics in any given area and control measures should consider the results of ecoepidemiological studies undertaken in the zones concerned.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1079\/joh2005296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,12]],"date-time":"2005-09-12T22:05:11Z","timestamp":1126562711000},"page":"207-216","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":279,"title":["Epidemiology of fascioliasis in human endemic areas"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Mas-Coma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib047","first-page":"73","article-title":"Human fasciolasis in Bolivia: a general analysis and a critical review of existing data","volume":"55","author":"Mas-Coma","year":"1995","journal-title":"Research and Reviews in Parasitology"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib033","first-page":"21","article-title":"Enqu\u00eate sur la distomatose \u00e0 Fasciola hepatica en Corse","volume":"403","author":"Gil-Benito","year":"1991","journal-title":"M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e M\u00e9dicale, Marseille"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib073","unstructured":"Sohrabi, A.K. (1969) Human cases of distomatosis along the Caspian Sea. Paper presented in the 3rd Veterinary Congress, Tehran (in Persian)"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1992.46.603"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib019","first-page":"385","article-title":"Fascioliasis humana epid\u00e9mica. Cuba 1983. VI. Estudio cl\u00ednico de 40 ni\u00f1os del Hospital Provincial de Sagua La Grande","volume":"44","author":"Diaz","year":"1990","journal-title":"GEN"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib071","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3278298"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib004","first-page":"139","article-title":"Parasites and parasitic diseases in prehistoric human populations in Central Europe","volume":"36","author":"Asp\u00f6ck","year":"1999","journal-title":"Helminthologia"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib009","first-page":"529","article-title":"Helminth eggs: trace elements of neolithic and paleolithic parasitosis on French sites","volume":"191","author":"Bouchet","year":"1997","journal-title":"Comptes Rendus de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de Biologie et de ses Filiales"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib024","first-page":"13","article-title":"Geographical distribution, diagnosis and treatment of human fascioliasis: a review","volume":"58","author":"Esteban","year":"1998","journal-title":"Research and Reviews in Parasitology"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(01)00499-X"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/1986612215"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib034","first-page":"471","article-title":"La distomatose humaine \u00e0 Fasciola hepatica Linnaeus, 1758 en Corse","volume":"3","author":"Gitard","year":"1965","journal-title":"Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de Pathologie Exotique"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0929-693X(96)85080-9"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/49.5.264"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib059","first-page":"503","article-title":"Zu den Besonderheiten der Epizootologie von Fasziolose in den tropischen Bedingungen von Kuba","volume":"14","author":"Mitterpak","year":"1968","journal-title":"Wiadom\u00f3sci Parazytologiczne"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.85.19.532"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib013","first-page":"840","article-title":"Recherche sur l'\u00e9pid\u00e9miologie de la distomatose humaine \u00e0 Fasciola hepatica. A propos d'une \u00e9pid\u00e9mie r\u00e9cente de 500 cas","volume":"6","author":"Coudert","year":"1958","journal-title":"Revue d'Hygi\u00e8ne et de M\u00e9dicine Sociale"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib042","first-page":"88","article-title":"Human fascioliasis in Cajamarca\/Per\u00fa. I. Diagnostic methods and treatement with praziquantel","volume":"36","author":"Knobloch","year":"1985","journal-title":"Tropical Medicine and Parasitology"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib087","first-page":"89","article-title":"Clinical trial of triclabendazole on human fascioliasis: long term follow up","volume":"13","author":"Yadegari","year":"1999","journal-title":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib075","first-page":"186","volume-title":"Congreso de Zoonosis. 1\u00b0 Interauton\u00f3mico. Reuni\u00f3n de la International Zoonoses Association (IZA)","author":"Sorribes","year":"1990"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762003000900021"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00013626"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1383-5769(97)00039-1"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib080","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004360050381"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib035","first-page":"276","article-title":"Fasciolasis humana epid\u00e9mica, Cuba 1983. VI Estudio Cl\u00ednico de 44 adultos de Hospital General de Fomento","volume":"39","author":"Gonzalez","year":"1985","journal-title":"GEN"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib032","first-page":"74","author":"Giap","year":"1987"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib048","first-page":"39","article-title":"Secondary reservoir role of domestic animals other than sheep and cattle in fascioliasis transmission in the Northern Bolivian Altiplano","volume":"57","author":"Mas-Coma","year":"1997","journal-title":"Research and Reviews in Parasitology"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(00)00038-2"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib049","first-page":"340","article-title":"Epidemiology of human fascioliasis: a review and proposed new classification","volume":"77","author":"Mas-Coma","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib002","first-page":"109","article-title":"Parasitic diseases: hepatic distomiasis caused by Fasciola hepatica","volume":"63","year":"1988","journal-title":"Weekly Epidemiological Record (WHO)"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib018","first-page":"VII","article-title":"La distomatose \u00e0 Fasciola hepatica . II: La fasciolose humaine en France","volume":"907","author":"Danis","year":"1985","journal-title":"Acta Veterinaria"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2003.69.429"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib053","first-page":"81","volume-title":"Taxonomy, ecology and evolution of metazoan parasites","author":"Mas-Coma","year":"2003"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib060","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-004-1169-6"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib061","first-page":"145","article-title":"Distributional outline of lymnaeid snails (Gastropoda) in the fascioliasis endemic area of Mazandaran, Iran","volume":"49","author":"Moghaddam","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Parasitologica"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.1999.00418.x"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib079","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14411\/fp.2000.004"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib076","first-page":"231","article-title":"An investigation of endemic fasciolasis in Peruvian village children","volume":"76","author":"Stork","year":"1973","journal-title":"Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(97)00669-4"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2000.63.264"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182001008034"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib055","unstructured":"Massoud, J. (1993) Present status of human fascioliasis in Iran. p. 19 in Food-borne trematodes . World Health Organization Manual, Manila, Mimeogr. Rep. Sch\/SG\/93 w"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.1997.d01-356.x"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib078","unstructured":"Turrientes, M.C. , Saenz de Sta. Maria, A. , Ceballos, E. , Diaz, M. , Barreno, M. , Muro, A. , Pardo, J. & Lopez-Velez, R. (2004) Fasciolosis importada y aut\u00f3ctona. p. 188 in Mas-Coma, S. (Coord.) IV Congreso de la Sociedad Espa\u00f1ola de Medicina Tropical y Salud Internacional (SEMTSI 4), Valencia (18\u201322 July 2004), Abstracts, Enfermedades Emergentes 6 (3), No. 119"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib030","first-page":"79","article-title":"Situation de la fasciolose humaine en France, enqu\u00eate retrospective portant sur les 30 derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es","volume":"1","author":"Gaillet","year":"1983","journal-title":"Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Francaise de Parasitologie"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib067","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-4758(94)90111-2"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib077","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2004.04093.x"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-002-0824-z"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib074","first-page":"259","volume-title":"VI Congreso Nacional y I Congreso Ib\u00e9rico de Parasitolog\u00eda","author":"Sorribes","year":"1989"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(99)90289-4"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00008588"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib057","first-page":"161","article-title":"As primeiras serologias positivas da fasciolose humana em S. Miguel (A\u00e7ores)","volume":"21","author":"Mendon\u00e7a","year":"1996","journal-title":"Garcia de Orta, S\u00e9rie de Zoologia"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib010","first-page":"95","article-title":"Etude de l'aptitude \u00e0 l'infestation fasciolienne chez Lymnaea glabra M\u00fcller et chez L. truncatula dans des peuplements mono- et bisp\u00e9cifiques","volume":"33","author":"Bouix-Busson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise de Parasitologie"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib085","first-page":"167","volume-title":"7th Iranian Congress of Internal Medicine","author":"Yadegari","year":"1996"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib016","first-page":"5","article-title":"Clinical signs and household characteristics associated with human fascioliasis among rural population in Egypt: a case-control study","volume":"45","author":"Curtale","year":"2003","journal-title":"Parassitologia"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib069","first-page":"77","article-title":"Fasciol\u00edase hep\u00e1tica humana: sua distribui\u00e7\u00e3o em Portugal","volume":"110","author":"Rombert","year":"1984","journal-title":"O M\u00e9dico"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib043","first-page":"487","author":"Laborde","year":"1985"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib046","first-page":"145","article-title":"Human liver flukes: a review","volume":"57","author":"Mas-Coma","year":"1997","journal-title":"Research and Reviews in Parasitology"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1992.46.626"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib065","first-page":"404","article-title":"Fasciolase en Iran","volume":"8","author":"Pourtaghva","year":"1990","journal-title":"Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise de Parasitologie"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2003.12.006"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib029","first-page":"63","article-title":"Clinicoepidemiological study of human fascioliasis in Gilan","volume":"2","author":"Forghan-Parast","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of the Medical College, Gilan University of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib054","first-page":"438","article-title":"Fascioliasis outbreak of man and drug test (Triclabendazol) in Caspian littoral, northern part of Iran, 1989","volume":"8","author":"Massoud","year":"1990","journal-title":"Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise de Parasitologie"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2001141"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib017","first-page":"R1","article-title":"Progress in assessment of morbidity due to Fasciola hepatica infection: a review of recent literature","volume":"87","author":"Chen","year":"1990","journal-title":"Tropical Diseases Bulletin"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib072","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1996.54.146"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib005","first-page":"23","article-title":"Seroepidemiological investigation of fascioliasis in northern Iran","volume":"5","author":"Assmar","year":"1991","journal-title":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib068","first-page":"227","article-title":"Epid\u00e9miologie de la fasciolose humaine dans le sud ouest de la France","volume":"5","author":"Ripert","year":"1987","journal-title":"Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise de Parasitologie"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib003","first-page":"31","article-title":"Evidence suggesting that Fasciola gigantica might be the most prevalent causal agent of fascioliasis in northern Iran","volume":"33","author":"Ashrafi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/21.5.1228"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib062","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1998.58.417"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib070","first-page":"251","article-title":"Geographical distribution of Fasciola hepatica and its relation with human distomatosis","volume":"17","author":"Sabokbar","year":"1960","journal-title":"Journal of the School of Medicine of the Tehran University"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib045","first-page":"305","volume-title":"Waterborne zoonoses: identification, causes and control","author":"Mas-Coma","year":"2004"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib086","first-page":"868","article-title":"Investigation of an epidemic of fascioliasis in North Iran","volume":"8","author":"Yadegari","year":"1990","journal-title":"Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise de Parasitologie"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2004.05.014"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib036","first-page":"53","article-title":"Fasciolasis humana epid\u00e9mica, Cuba 1983. II. Estudio epidemiol\u00f3gico","volume":"41","author":"Gonzalez","year":"1987","journal-title":"GEN"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib083","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2002)088[0308:PISASO]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib041","first-page":"91","article-title":"Human fascioliasis in Cajamarca\/Per\u00fa. II. Humoral antibody response and antigenaemia","volume":"36","author":"Knobloch","year":"1985","journal-title":"Tropical Medicine and Parasitology"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib064","first-page":"122","volume-title":"XIII Congreso Latino Americano de Parasitolo\u00eda","author":"Perez","year":"1997"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib066","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3274106"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib084","first-page":"1","article-title":"Control of foodborne trematode infections","volume":"849","year":"1995","journal-title":"WHO Technical Report Series"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib050","first-page":"411","volume-title":"Fasciolosis","author":"Mas-Coma","year":"1999"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib044","first-page":"158","article-title":"Hiperendemicidad de Fasciolosis humana en el Valle del Mantaro, Per\u00fa: factores de riesgo de la infeccion por Fasciola hepatica","volume":"24","author":"Marcos Raymundo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Revista de Gastroenterolog\u00eda de Peru"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib014","first-page":"129","article-title":"Human fascioliasis, an emerging public health problem in the Nile Delta, Egypt","volume":"60","author":"Curtale","year":"2000","journal-title":"Research and Reviews in Parasitology"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib063","unstructured":"Oviedo, J.A. , Mas-Coma, S. , Dominici, J.L. & Roche, B. (1992) Distribution and ecology of Lymnaea truncatula (M\u00fcller, 1774) (Gastropoda: Basommatophora: Lymnaeidae), intermediate host of fasciolosis, in the island of Corsica (France). p. 218 in VIth European Multicolloquium of Parasitology (EMOP VI), The Hague (7\u201311 September 1992), Abstracts"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-1348(01)00019-3"},{"key":"S0022149X05000313_bib026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.2002.00870.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Helminthology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0022149X05000313","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T02:27:57Z","timestamp":1712888877000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0022149X05000313\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022149X05000313"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1079\/joh2005296","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-149X","1475-2697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-149X","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-2697","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]}}}