{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T16:19:26Z","timestamp":1789402766871,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,2]],"date-time":"2007-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1167696000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":976,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Public Health Nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1368980004000503_sec01\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the proportion of middle-aged Australian women meeting national dietary recommendations and its variation according to selected sociodemographic and behavioural characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980004000503_sec02\"><jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title><jats:p>This cross-sectional population-based study used a food-frequency questionnaire to investigate dietary patterns and compliance with 13 commonly promoted dietary guidelines among a cohort of middle-aged women participating in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980004000503_sec03\"><jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nation-wide community-based survey.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980004000503_sec04\"><jats:title>Subjects:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 10 561 women aged 50\u201355 years at the time of the survey in 2001.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980004000503_sec05\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Only about one-third of women complied with more than half of the guidelines, and only two women in the entire sample met all 13 guidelines examined. While guidelines for meat\/fish\/poultry\/eggs\/nuts\/legumes and \u2018extra\u2019 foods (e.g. ice cream, chocolate, cakes, potatoes, pizza, hamburgers and wine) were met well, large percentages of women (68\u201388%) did not meet guidelines relating to the consumption of breads, cereal-based foods and dairy products, and intakes of total and saturated fat and iron. Women working in lower socio-economic status occupations, and women living alone or with people other than a partner and\/or children, were at significantly increased risk of not meeting guidelines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980004000503_sec06\"><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present results indicate that a large proportion of middle-aged Australian women are not meeting dietary guidelines. Without substantial changes in their diets, and help in making these changes, current national guidelines appear unachievable for many women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1079\/phn2003538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,17]],"date-time":"2004-05-17T22:23:23Z","timestamp":1084832603000},"page":"443-452","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["How well do Australian women comply with dietary guidelines?"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Kylie","family":"Ball","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gita D","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher W","family":"Thane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison","family":"Hodge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1368980004000503_ref047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2002339"},{"key":"S1368980004000503_ref045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/53.1.356S"},{"key":"S1368980004000503_ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1997.tb123189.x","article-title":"The Hobart Salt Study 1995: few meet national sodium intake target","volume":"166","author":"Beard","year":"1997","journal-title":"Medical Journal of Australia"},{"key":"S1368980004000503_ref043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.48.1.26"},{"key":"S1368980004000503_ref042","volume-title":"The Victorian Nutrition Survey 1990","author":"Baghurst","year":"1991"},{"key":"S1368980004000503_ref038","volume-title":"Smoking and Health: Report of the Advisory Committee to the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service","year":"1964"},{"key":"S1368980004000503_ref037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/pmed.2002.1064"},{"key":"S1368980004000503_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-842X.1997.tb01673.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000503_ref034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/130.9.2256"},{"key":"S1368980004000503_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-277X.1991.tb00111.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000503_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-842X.2000.tb00503.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000503_ref029","volume-title":"Acting on Australia's Weight: A Strategic Plan for the Prevention of Overweight and Obesity","year":"1997"},{"key":"S1368980004000503_ref027","volume-title":"Rural, Remote and Metropolitan Areas Classification: 1991 Census Edition","year":"1994"},{"key":"S1368980004000503_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-842X.2000.tb00520.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000503_ref024","first-page":"19","article-title":"Development of the Melbourne FFQ: a food frequency questionnaire for use in an Australian prospective study involving an ethnically diverse cohort","volume":"3","author":"Ireland","year":"1994","journal-title":"Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"S1368980004000503_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/52B.1.S37"},{"key":"S1368980004000503_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J013v28n01_03"},{"key":"S1368980004000503_ref020","volume-title":"Dietary Guidelines for Australians","year":"1992"},{"key":"S1368980004000503_ref018","volume-title":"Is There a Safe Level of Daily Consumption of Alcohol for Men and Women? 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