{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T05:23:57Z","timestamp":1792301037687,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":199,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1a","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,2]],"date-time":"2007-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1167696000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":1066,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Public Health Nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Oral health is related to diet in many ways, for example, nutritional influences on craniofacial development, oral cancer and oral infectious diseases. Dental diseases impact considerably on self-esteem and quality of life and are expensive to treat. The objective of this paper is to review the evidence for an association between nutrition, diet and dental diseases and to present dietary recommendations for their prevention. Nutrition affects the teeth during development and malnutrition may exacerbate periodontal and oral infectious diseases. However, the most significant effect of nutrition on teeth is the local action of diet in the mouth on the development of dental caries and enamel erosion. Dental erosion is increasing and is associated with dietary acids, a major source of which is soft drinks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Despite improved trends in levels of dental caries in developed countries, dental caries remains prevalent and is increasing in some developing countries undergoing nutrition transition. There is convincing evidence, collectively from human intervention studies, epidemiological studies, animal studies and experimental studies, for an association between the amount and frequency of free sugars intake and dental caries. Although other fermentable carbohydrates may not be totally blameless, epidemiological studies show that consumption of starchy staple foods and fresh fruit are associated with low levels of dental caries. Fluoride reduces caries risk but has not eliminated dental caries and many countries do not have adequate exposure to fluoride.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>It is important that countries with a low intake of free sugars do not increase intake, as the available evidence shows that when free sugars consumption is &lt;15\u201320kg\/yr (~6\u201310% energy intake), dental caries is low. For countries with high consumption levels it is recommended that national health authorities and decision-makers formulate country-specific and community-specific goals for reducing the amount of free sugars aiming towards the recommended maximum of no more than 10% of energy intake. In addition, the frequency of consumption of foods containing free sugars should be limited to a maximum of 4 times per day. It is the responsibility of national authorities to ensure implementation of feasible fluoride programmes for their country.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1079\/phn2003589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,9]],"date-time":"2004-02-09T19:00:52Z","timestamp":1076353252000},"page":"201-226","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":586,"title":["Diet, nutrition and the prevention of dental diseases"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Paula","family":"Moynihan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poul Erik","family":"Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref197","first-page":"161","article-title":"The effects of enemy occupation on the dental condition of children in the Channel Islands","author":"Knowles","year":"1946","journal-title":"Monthly Bulletin of the Ministry of Health"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref195","first-page":"44","article-title":"Statistical study on caries incidence in the first molar in relation to the amount of sugar consumption","volume":"2","author":"Takahashi","year":"1961","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Tokyo Dental College"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016358109162287"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref190","volume-title":"Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases Technical Report Series No 797","year":"1990"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)91696-3"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref187","first-page":"13","article-title":"Sucrose in the dynamics of the carious profess","volume":"32","author":"Newbrun","year":"1982","journal-title":"International Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000261039"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref181","first-page":"261","article-title":"Tooth erosion associated with excessive use of an artificially sweetened cola beverage","volume":"6","author":"Guggenheimer","year":"1980","journal-title":"Journal of Preventive Dentistry"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1977.0551"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/41.1.63"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref177","first-page":"305","article-title":"Fruit drinks and tooth erosion","volume":"104","author":"Holloway","year":"1958","journal-title":"British Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2842.1991.tb00072.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref175","first-page":"120","article-title":"Enamel softening with coca-cola and rehardening with milk or saliva","volume":"4","author":"Gedalia","year":"1991","journal-title":"American Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref174","first-page":"263","article-title":"Dental erosion in 4 year old children from differing socio-economic backgrounds","volume":"61","author":"Millward","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Dentistry for Children"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref173","first-page":"436","article-title":"Dental erosions in relation to lactovegetarian diet","volume":"93","author":"Linkosalo","year":"1985","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref171","first-page":"424","article-title":"Further observations on the influence of citrus fruit juices on human teeth","volume":"23","author":"Thomas","year":"1957","journal-title":"New York State Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN\/2002572"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/62.1.178S"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref165","first-page":"594","article-title":"Effect of black tea on caries formation in hamsters","volume":"79","author":"Linke","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000261377"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000260863"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref158","first-page":"331","article-title":"Dental caries protection with hard cheese consumption","volume":"7","author":"Gedalia","year":"1994","journal-title":"American Journal of Dentistry"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref152","first-page":"201","article-title":"Effects of 20-deoxy- d -glucose and other sugar analogues on acid production from sugars by human dental plaque bacteria","volume":"88","author":"Roberts","year":"1980","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-263X.1996.tb00203.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000259770"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345770560060301"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1979.tb01216.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345660450054701"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19900028"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000261391"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000407797"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref193","volume-title":"The Scientific Basis of Dental Health Education. A Policy Document","author":"Authority","year":"1996"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-263X.1996.tb00217.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref138","first-page":"1123","article-title":"The effects of phosphates on experimental dental caries: a literature review","volume":"43","author":"Nizel","year":"1964","journal-title":"British Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3348364"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1980.0211"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4802502"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(63)90088-8"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000262393"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref118","first-page":"472","article-title":"Milk and dental caries","volume":"120","author":"Jenkins","year":"1966","journal-title":"British Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1995.tb00218.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref111","first-page":"101","article-title":"The cariogenicity of different dietary carbohydrates tested on rats in relative gnotobiosis with a streptococcus producing extracellular polysaccharide","volume":"10","author":"Guggenheim","year":"1966","journal-title":"Helvetica Odontologica Acta"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000260138"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1992.tb01547.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345730520022501"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4804862"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0722.1995.tb00009.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000262023"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780192624864.001.0001","volume-title":"The Strategy of Preventive Medicine","author":"Rose","year":"1993"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref093","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000262333"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1875-595X.1998.tb00475.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref088","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-263X.1995.tb00297.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref084","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016358509064141"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref083","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1983.tb01899.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00384.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref080","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000260319"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref079","volume-title":"Nutrition and Dental Health","author":"Rugg-Gunn","year":"1993"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref078","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016355308993925"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref077","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1980.0383"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref076","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.73.10.1196"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref075","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345630420061601"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref074","volume-title":"Carbohydrates and the incidence of caries in the deciduous dentition","author":"Bradford","year":"1963"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref073","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1990.tb00036.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref072","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1983.tb01388.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref071","first-page":"2251","article-title":"Incidence and distribution of Strep mutans in plaque from confectionery workers","volume":"58","author":"Katayama","year":"1979","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref069","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.6181.14"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref068","first-page":"447","article-title":"A field study of dental caries, periodontal disease and enamel defects in Tristan da Cunha","volume":"125","author":"Fisher","year":"1968","journal-title":"British Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref067","first-page":"144","article-title":"The prevalence of dental caries in Nigerian populations","volume":"123","author":"Sheiham","year":"1967","journal-title":"British Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref064","first-page":"167","article-title":"A dental health survey in the Republic of Sudan","volume":"120","author":"Emslie","year":"1966","journal-title":"British Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref063","first-page":"440","article-title":"Dental caries and diet in an Alaskan Eskimo population","volume":"80","author":"Bang","year":"1972","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref062","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0722.1996.tb00112.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref057","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1600831"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref054","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000261313"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref053","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00352.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-263X.1994.tb00124.x","article-title":"The distribution and severity of tooth wear and the relationship between erosion and dietary constituents in a group of children","volume":"4","author":"Millward","year":"1994","journal-title":"International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref186","volume-title":"Nutrition, Diet and Oral Health","author":"Rugg-Gunn","year":"1999"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1984.0346"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016359209012747"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref044","volume-title":"Oral Health in America: A report of the Surgeon General","year":"2002"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref043","volume-title":"Oral Health Systems in European Union Countries\u2014Biomed Project","author":"O'Mullane","year":"1996"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0528.2000.028002102.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08959374930070010501"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref038","volume-title":"Oral Health Status of Children in Romania, 2000","author":"Petersen","year":"2001"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref170","first-page":"365","article-title":"A study among dietitians and adult members of their households of the practicalities and implications of following proposed dietary guidelines in the UK","volume":"40A","author":"Cole-Hamilton","year":"1986","journal-title":"Human Nutrition Applied Nutrition"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0528.2000.028002155.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref036","volume-title":"Oral Health Status and Oral Health Behaviour of Children in Belarus","author":"Leous","year":"2000"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00860.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref033","first-page":"225","article-title":"Has the decline in dental caries been halted","volume":"40","author":"Frencken","year":"1990","journal-title":"International Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref032","first-page":"47","article-title":"The total dental caries experience of 5-year-old children in the United Kingdom","volume":"14","author":"Pitts","year":"1997","journal-title":"Community Dental Health"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-5712(90)90125-X"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref029","first-page":"74","article-title":"Global goals for oral health in the year 2000","volume":"23","year":"1982","journal-title":"International Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref027","first-page":"17","article-title":"The effects of carbohydrate reduced diet on development of gingivitis","volume":"8","author":"Gaengler","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clinical Preventive Dentistry"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016357608997711"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref024","first-page":"1313","article-title":"Oral candidiasis, HIV, and saliva glucocorticoids","volume":"148","author":"Enwonwu","year":"1996","journal-title":"American Journal of Pathology"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref020","volume-title":"Etiology of Enamel Erosion\u2013Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors","author":"Zero","year":"2000"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref019","article-title":"Die Saurefreisetzung beim Verzehr von zukerfreien fruchtbonbons in der mundhohle in vivo","volume":"48","author":"Distler","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dtsch Zahnaerztliche Zeitschrift"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref168","first-page":"210A","article-title":"Twenty years of change in the dietary intake and BMI of Northumbrian adolescents","volume":"80","author":"Fletcher","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Nutrition Society"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1994.tb00782.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref017","volume-title":"Oral Health, Diet and Other Factors: Report of the British Nutrition foundation Task Force","author":"Arens","year":"1998"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-5712(00)00044-0"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref014","first-page":"1261","article-title":"The impact of edentulousness on food and nutrient intake","volume":"129","author":"Joshipura","year":"1966","journal-title":"Journal of the American Dental Association"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref013","volume-title":"National Diet and Nutrition Survey: People Aged 65 Years and Over. Volume 2: Report of the Oral Health Survey","author":"Steele","year":"1998"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref011","first-page":"1","article-title":"Dental caries and dental health behaviour situation among 6- and 12-year old urban schoolchildren in Madagascar","volume":"5","author":"Petersen","year":"1991","journal-title":"African Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-263X.2002.00359.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref009","first-page":"175","article-title":"Oral health services in PR China as evaluated by dentist and patients","volume":"50","author":"Minquan","year":"2000","journal-title":"International Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref008","volume-title":"Adult Dental Health Survey. Oral Health in the United Kingdom 1998","author":"Kelly","year":"2000"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref007","volume-title":"Comparing Oral Health Systems. A Second International Collaborative Study","author":"Chen","year":"1997"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref006","volume-title":"Global Oral Health Data Bank","year":"2001"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref004","first-page":"41","article-title":"Oral health status of children and adults in Madagascar","volume":"46","author":"Petersen","year":"1996","journal-title":"International Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-595X.2001.tb00829.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1875-595X.2002.tb00632.x","article-title":"The second national survey of oral health status of children and adults in China","volume":"52","author":"Wang","year":"2002","journal-title":"International Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2001142"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(73)90097-6"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1948.02030020810002"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(68)90034-4"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref198","volume-title":"Dental Caries and Nutrition During Wartime in Norway","author":"Schulerud","year":"1950"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1875-595X.1997.tb00452.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref194","volume-title":"Oral cleanliness and dental caries","author":"Sutcliff","year":"1996"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref039","volume-title":"Oral health status of children and adults in the Russian Federation","author":"Kuzmina","year":"1999"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref120","volume-title":"Appropriate Use of Fluorides for Human Health","author":"Murray","year":"1986"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0722.1996.tb00073.x","article-title":"Dental erosion, summary","volume":"104","author":"ten Cate","year":"1996","journal-title":"European Journal of Oral Sciences"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1988.tb01474.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref199","volume-title":"Zuckeraufnahme und Karies","author":"Buttner","year":"1971"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref085","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03670244.1980.9990592"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1002\/j.0022-0337.2001.65.10.tb03444.x","article-title":"Sugar consumption and caries risk: a systematic review","volume":"65","author":"Burt","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Education"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref066","first-page":"516","article-title":"Increasing caries incidence and changing diet in Ghana","volume":"13","author":"MacGregor","year":"1963","journal-title":"International Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref065","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1979.tb01183.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref096","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345880670111201"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1989.tb00639.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1983.0239"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1980.tb01276.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref166","first-page":"594","article-title":"In vivo effects of black tea infusion on dental plaque","volume":"79","author":"Lingstrom","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref091","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1992.tb00680.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4804012"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000260760"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref048","first-page":"115","article-title":"Dental erosion\u2013the problem and some practical solutions","volume":"186","author":"Shaw","year":"1999","journal-title":"British Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(96)84555-9"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016357009058586"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref055","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4808437"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4803614"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345510300011401"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1983.tb01376.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref148","first-page":"8","article-title":"The effect of a high consumption of apples or grapes on dental caries and periodontal disease in humans","volume":"11","author":"Grobler","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clinical Preventive Dentistry"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/14.4.329"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref172","first-page":"100","article-title":"Tooth enamel dissolution from erosion or etching and subsequent caries development","volume":"7","author":"Stabholz","year":"1983","journal-title":"Journal of Periodontology"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000260840"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref125","first-page":"190","article-title":"Prediction of the cariogenicity of various foods","volume":"35","author":"Edgar","year":"1985","journal-title":"International Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4807606"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref108","first-page":"1","article-title":"Dietary pattern and dental caries in 19-year-old adolescents subjected to preventive measures focused on oral hygiene and\/or fluorides","volume":"9","author":"Bergendal","year":"1985","journal-title":"Swedish Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref059","first-page":"443","article-title":"Epidemiological study on Japanese children before, during and after World War II","volume":"11","author":"Takeuchi","year":"1961","journal-title":"International Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref146","first-page":"93","article-title":"Socio-economic investigation of school children with high and low caries frequency","volume":"23","author":"Martinsson","year":"1972","journal-title":"Odontological Review"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4807448"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.1995.tb03176.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref087","first-page":"201","article-title":"Infant feeding and dental caries, a longitudinal study of Swedish children","volume":"9","author":"Persson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Swedish Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref060","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000259518"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref095","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(84)90145-6"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000262332"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4808575"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1984.tb01476.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345730520051601"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1988.tb01362.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref191","volume-title":"Sugar and Health in One Hundred and Fifteen Authoritative Scientific Reports on Food Nutrition and Public Health Published Throughout the World in Thirty Years Between 1961 and 1991","author":"Freire","year":"1961"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref052","volume-title":"National Diet and Nutrition Survey: young people aged 4 to 18 Years. Volume 2: Report of the Oral Health Survey","author":"Walker","year":"2000"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1985.tb01909.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref030","volume-title":"Changes in Prevalence and Incidence of the Major Oral Diseases","author":"Fejerskov","year":"1998"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000260414"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref028","first-page":"431","article-title":"Nutrition and oral infectious diseases: state of the science","volume":"23","author":"Enwonwu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref156","first-page":"275","article-title":"Acidogenic potential of fructooligosaccharides: incubation studies and plaque pH studies","volume":"35","author":"Moynihan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Caries Research"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref196","first-page":"96","article-title":"On the epidemiological principles in dental caries attack","volume":"3","author":"Takeuchi","year":"1962","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Tokyo Dental College"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000260235"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345550340061001"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000261381"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(81)90042-X"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4806285"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4806027"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref132","first-page":"106","article-title":"Cariogenicpotential of foods. II. Relationship of food composition, plaque microbial counts and salivary parameters to caries in the rat model","volume":"28","author":"Mundorff","year":"1994","journal-title":"Caries Research"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref086","first-page":"314","article-title":"Nutrient intake and dental caries in the primary dentition","volume":"14","author":"Marques","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pediatric Dentistry"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref042","volume-title":"Oral Health of Irish Adults 1989\u20131990","volume":"1989","author":"O'Mullane","year":"1992"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345910700060601"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref016","first-page":"381","article-title":"Nutrition and dental caries: ten findings to be remembered","volume":"46","author":"Navia","year":"1996","journal-title":"International Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4808586"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/61.2.430S"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref050","volume-title":"National Diet and Nutrition Survey: Children Aged 1.5\u20134.5 Years. Volume 2: Report of the Dental Survey","author":"Hinds","year":"1995"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(82)90026-7"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4803360"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-595X.1999.tb00901.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345570360011801"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1984.55.7.419"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref094","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1986.tb01530.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref018","volume-title":"In vivo De- and remineralization of dental enamel","author":"Arends","year":"1985"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref061","first-page":"231","article-title":"Fluorine and war-time diet","volume":"88","author":"Weaver","year":"1950","journal-title":"British Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016358909007718"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1981.tb01038.x"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref097","first-page":"230","article-title":"The Michigan Study: relationship between sugars intake and dental caries over 3 years","volume":"44","author":"Burt","year":"1994","journal-title":"International Dental Journal"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref090","first-page":"238","article-title":"Oral health status and oral health behaviour of 12-year-old urban schoolchildren in PR China","volume":"14","author":"Peng","year":"1997","journal-title":"Community Dental Health"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref134","first-page":"717","article-title":"Dental surveys in relation to nutrition","volume":"75","author":"Russell","year":"1960","journal-title":"Public Health Reports"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114500001884","article-title":"Properties of maltodextrins and glucose syrups in experiments in vitro and in the diets of laboratory animals relating to dental health","volume":"84","author":"Grenby","year":"2000","journal-title":"British Journal of Nutrition"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref051","volume-title":"Children's Dental Health in the United Kingdom","author":"O'Brien","year":"1994"},{"key":"S1368980004000217_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0722.1996.tb00068.x"}],"container-title":["Public Health Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1368980004000217","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T07:24:11Z","timestamp":1705044251000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1368980004000217\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,2]]},"references-count":199,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1a","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1368980004000217"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1079\/phn2003589","relation":{},"ISSN":["1368-9800","1475-2727"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1368-9800","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-2727","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,2]]}}}