{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:02:09Z","timestamp":1773792129673,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,5]],"date-time":"2007-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1173052800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":1585,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Proc. Nutr. Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Re\u00b4sume\u00b4Parmi les ge`nes dont les produits jouent un rle critique dans la re\u00b4gulation de la re\u00b4ponse immune, on trouve les familles de ge`nes de l'antige`ne leucocyte humain (ALH) et de la cytokine. Les ge`nes ALH sont les plus polymorphes du ge\u00b4nome humain, et ce polymorphisme entraine des diffe\u00b4rences fonctionnelles des mole\u00b4cules ALH exprime\u00b4es, qui se traduit par des diffe\u00b4rences individuelles dans la manie`re dont des peptides antige\u00b4niques se pre\u00b4sentent aux cellules T. De plus, un nombre conside\u00b4rable de polymorphismes des ge`nes associe\u00b4s a la cytokine ont e\u00b4te\u00b4 identifie\u00b4s, la plupart d'entre eux se produisent au niveau du promoteur de ces ge`nes, ce que dans de nombreux cas se traduit par l'expression diffe\u00b4rentielle <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> de leurs respectifs produits ge\u00b4ne\u00b4tiques pro- ou anti-inflammatoire. Des polymorphismes ALH particuliers aboutirent a` des associations bien de\u00b4finies avec un grand nombre de maladies immunologiquement medie\u00b4es, parmi lesquelles quelques-unes avec des facteurs de risque die\u00b4te\u00b4tique. Par exemple, des individus de ge\u00b4notype HLA-DQA1*0501, DQB1*0201 ont un risque deux cent fois plus grand de de\u00b4velopper une intole\u00b4rance au gluten alimentaire (maladie ce\u00b4liaque), et des facteurs additionnels en relation avec l'ALH peuvent influencer le de\u00b4veloppement d'un lymphome maligne dans une maladie ce\u00b4liaque existante. De mme, des alle`les HLA-DRB1 qui partage une se\u00b4quence motive commune constituent le premier facteur de risque ge\u00b4ne\u00b4tique de l'arthrite rhumatode. L'influence de polymorphismes associe\u00b4s a une expression de cytokine diffe\u00b4rentiel sur la susceptibilite\u00b4 aux maladies pre\u00b4sent dans ce moment un grand inte\u00b4rt. La plupart de l'attention a e\u00b4tait centre\u00b4 les associations avec la susceptibilite\u00b4 de maladies medie\u00b4es immunologiquement be\u00b4nignes, parmi eux un grand nombre de maladies de l'intestin. Toutefois, un travail re\u00b4cent dans notre laboratoire indique que les polymorphismes de la cytokine peuvent influencer la susceptibilite\u00b4 a` certains cancers (ainsi que son pronostic), entre eux le me\u00b4lanome de peau maligne et des tumeurs solides qui peuvent tre affecte\u00b4s par l'alimentation, comme le cancer de prostate (collaboration avec le CRC\/BPG e\u00b4tude familial du cancer de prostate Royaume-Uni). De plus, des travails pre\u00b4liminaires sugge`rent que la modulation par l'alimentation des niveaux d'expression de certaines cytokines dans des sujets humains peut tre de\u00b4pendent du ge\u00b4notype.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1079\/pns2002186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,5]],"date-time":"2003-03-05T01:25:06Z","timestamp":1046827506000},"page":"447-456","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Symposium on \u2019Nutrition in the post-genomic era\u2019 Plenary session 4: Genetic variation and diet-related disease"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"W. 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