{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T02:56:28Z","timestamp":1769828188589,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,9]],"date-time":"2007-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1173398400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":1285,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bull. Entomol. Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The exploration of sand-filled arenas by workers of an entire colony of the Australian, subterranean foraging, tree-nesting termite, <jats:italic>Coptotermes frenchi<\/jats:italic> Hill was investigated under laboratory conditions. The first experiment tested whether termite exploration of sand was influenced by the presence of gaps or objects in the sand. Gaps and objects were chosen to represent soil heterogeneity in the urban environment: gaps to represent tunnels dug by other animals, perspex strips to represent cables and pipes, and wood strips to represent roots. Termites always chose to explore gaps thoroughly before they began tunnelling in the sand. Significantly more and longer tunnels were excavated from the end of gaps at the far end of the arenas, and relatively little tunnelling occurred around and along objects. Termite density was significantly greater around and along wood compared with perspex blocks. The second experiment tested whether termite exploratory tunnelling was influenced by soil moisture. The termites tunnelled slowly in dry sand, but after discovering a patch of wet sand, increased tunnelling five-fold until it was completely explored, after which activity declined. Energy and water conservation may be behind these patterns of exploratory tunnelling as well as those seen in large field studies, but caution is urged when interpreting small scale laboratory experiments to explain large scale field data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1079\/ber2003254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,25]],"date-time":"2003-11-25T23:15:51Z","timestamp":1069802151000},"page":"413-423","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["The influence of soil heterogeneity on exploratory tunnelling by the subterranean termite <i>Coptotermes frenchi<\/i> (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"T.A.","family":"Evans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref013","volume-title":"Termites and termite control","author":"Kofoid","year":"1934"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref008","first-page":"330","article-title":"A case of house infestation by a tree-dwelling colony of Coptotermes frenchi Hill","volume":"19","author":"Gay","year":"1946","journal-title":"Journal of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref010","volume-title":"Australian termites and other common timber pests","author":"Hadlington","year":"1996"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref016","first-page":"1","article-title":"Protection of buildings, other structures and material ground contact from attack by subterranean termites (Isoptera) with a physical barrier-a fine mesh of high grade stainless steel","volume":"24","author":"Lenz","year":"1994","journal-title":"Sociobiology"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref024","volume-title":"Biometry","author":"Sokal","year":"1995"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref020","first-page":"523","article-title":"Population density of subterranean termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) on tunnel formation in laboratory arenas","volume":"38","author":"Puche","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sociobiology"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/92.3.610"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-0493-94.6.1398"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref026","first-page":"163","article-title":"Tunnelling behaviour of the Formosan subterranean termite and basalt barriers","volume":"19","author":"Tamashiro","year":"1991","journal-title":"Sociobiology"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2311.1998.00114.x"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/ZO9620630"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref002","first-page":"305","article-title":"Tunnel and shelter tube convergence of Formosan subterranean termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) in the laboratory","volume":"30","author":"Chen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Sociobiology"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007748517025"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01134490"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref012","volume-title":"Termites (Isoptera) of the Australian region","author":"Hill","year":"1942"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref003","unstructured":"Coaton W.G.H. (1958) The hodotermitid harvester termites of South Africa. Science Bulletin No. 375, Department of Agriculture (South Africa) 112 pp."},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aesa\/62.3.536"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref015","first-page":"159","volume-title":"Nourishment and evolution in insect societies","author":"Lenz","year":"1994"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BER2002157"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref023","volume-title":"Termite life and termite control in tropical South Asia","author":"Roonwal","year":"1979"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ee\/9.5.645"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref021","first-page":"150","article-title":"The subterranean foraging galleries of Coptotermes lacteus (Frogg.)","volume":"13","author":"Ratcliffe","year":"1940","journal-title":"Journal of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1079\/9780851991306.0000","volume-title":"Termites: biology and pest management","author":"Pearce","year":"1997"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.134.3471.50"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-017-3223-9_20"},{"key":"S0007485303000488_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-0493-94.5.1193"}],"container-title":["Bulletin of Entomological Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0007485303000488","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T09:52:06Z","timestamp":1692352326000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0007485303000488\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007485303000488"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1079\/ber2003254","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-4853","1475-2670"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-4853","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-2670","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]}}}