{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:09:35Z","timestamp":1791227375852,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,31]],"date-time":"2010-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1825,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Background.<\/jats:italic> Anemia in pregnancy contributes to poor outcome for mother and child in low\u2010income countries. This study analyzes adverse maternal and fetal outcome after severe anemia in pregnancy in rural Ghana. <jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic> A cohort study in two (sub)district hospitals, including 157 pregnant women exposed to severe anemia (Hb &lt; 8.0 g\/dl) and 152 nonexposed pregnant women (Hb \u2265 10.9 g\/dl), matched for age and parity strata. Adverse outcomes analyzed were postpartum hemorrhage, need for blood transfusion, maternal mortality, low birth\u2010weight, and perinatal mortality. <jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic> Compared to nonexposed women, exposed women had an increased risk of maternal death (5\/157 versus 0\/152). Fetal outcome did not significantly differ between the study groups, although perinatal mortality was increased with exposure to Hb &lt; 7.0 g\/dl (OR 3.1; 95%CI 1.0\u20139.4), and low birth\u2010weight was increased with exposure to Hb &lt; 6.0 g\/dl (OR 2.5; 95%CI 1.2\u20135.4). Overall fetal outcome was significantly better when hemoglobin prior to childbirth was at least 8.0 g\/dl (OR 3.9; 95%CI 1.6\u20139.6), body mass index at least 20 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (OR 2.8; 95%CI 1.5\u20135.3), and number of antenatal visits at least 4 (OR 2.0; 95%CI 1.1\u20133.7). <jats:italic>Conclusions.<\/jats:italic> Severe anemia in pregnancy results in relatively poor maternal and fetal outcome. Apparently maternal risks increase prior to fetal risks. In order to improve maternal and fetal outcome, it is recommended that district hospitals in low\u2010income countries make prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of severe anemia in pregnancy a priority.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340500334794","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,8]],"date-time":"2009-12-08T17:35:11Z","timestamp":1260293711000},"page":"49-55","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Maternal and fetal outcome after severe anemia in pregnancy in rural Ghana"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"DIEDERIKE","family":"GEELHOED","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"FLORENCE","family":"AGADZI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LUCIA","family":"VISSER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"EMELIA","family":"ABLORDEPPEY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"KOFI","family":"ASARE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"PETER","family":"O'ROURKE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JULES SCHAGEN","family":"VAN LEEUWEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JOS","family":"VAN ROOSMALEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2000.tb13258.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(00)00407-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2004.01222.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/59.2.492S"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034989957718"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","volume-title":"Low birth weight: a tabulation of available information","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009577"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0261-5614(02)00209-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-9508"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","article-title":"Severe anemia in pregnancy in rural Ghana: A case\u2013control study of causes and management","author":"Geelhoed D","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1998.tb10120.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","first-page":"273","article-title":"Effect of maternal iron deficiency anemia on foetal outcome","volume":"38","author":"Rusia U","year":"1995","journal-title":"Indian J Pathol Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.310.6978.489"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","first-page":"138","article-title":"Anemie et grossesse","volume":"90","author":"Diallo MS","year":"1995","journal-title":"Rev Fr Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.1991.tb01799.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","first-page":"12","article-title":"Evaluer l'anemia maternelle severe et ses consequences: la valeur d'un simple examen de la coloration de conjunctives palpebrales","volume":"9","author":"Meda N","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cah Sante"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1990.11812429"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","volume-title":"Antenatal care and maternal health: how effective is it?","author":"Rooney C","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034989958609"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","volume-title":"Issues in Essential Obstetric Care. 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