{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:34:19Z","timestamp":1791920059383,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,31]],"date-time":"2010-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1644,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Background.<\/jats:italic> To investigate the intrapartum factors related to umbilical cord nuchal loops (nuchal cord) with particular reference to shoulder dystocia.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic> We studied all singleton pregnancies with a vertex presentation and a birth weight of at least 2500 g from 1 January 1978 to 31 March 1997 and the 13,717 pregnancies with nuchal cord were compared to the 44,136 without nuchal cord.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic> When compared to pregnant women without nuchal cord, a greater proportion of pregnant women with nuchal cord underwent induction of labor (adjusted OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.04\u20131.15) and augmentation with oxytocin (adjusted OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01\u20131.11). They had a longer second stage of labor (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.0013) and a greater proportion of primiparous women with tight nuchal cord had second stage of labor that lasted longer than two hours (adjusted OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.03\u20131.41). The proportion of abnormal fetal heart rate patterns was higher in the presence of nuchal cord (adjusted OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.55\u20131.68). Shoulder dystocia occurred more commonly in association with nuchal cord, especially when the nuchal cord was tight (adjusted OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.30\u20131.72 for all nuchal cord; adjusted OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.42\u20132.34 for tight nuchal cord).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusions.<\/jats:italic> Umbilical cord nuchal loops are associated with induction of labor, slow progress of labor, and shoulder dystocia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340500345428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,8]],"date-time":"2009-12-08T17:34:46Z","timestamp":1260293686000},"page":"810-814","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Obstetrical factors related to nuchal cord"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Onome","family":"Ogueh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aisha","family":"Al\u2010Tarkait","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Vallerand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrice","family":"Rouah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucie","family":"Morin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Benjamin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert H.","family":"Usher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(66)90777-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7292(90)90975-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","first-page":"441","article-title":"Outcome of infants born with nuchal cords","volume":"34","author":"Miser WF","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Fam Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","first-page":"385","article-title":"Is fetal growth affected by cord entanglement?","volume":"13","author":"Lipitz S","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Perinat"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","first-page":"39","article-title":"Risk factors and outcomes associated with nuchal cord. 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