{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T23:28:00Z","timestamp":1791502080243,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,31]],"date-time":"2010-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1735,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Background.<\/jats:italic> The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of fear of childbirth, and to find possible associations to selected sociodemographic factors and important life events. A secondary aim was to explore the relationship between these factors and pregnancy outcome. <jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic> Questionnaire booklets were sent to 2680 women at 18 weeks of gestation, of whom 1452 women (54%) responded. The questionnaire included background factors (marital status, education, history of abuse, current pregnancy), W\u2010DEQ (measurement of fear of childbirth), and STAI (measurement of subjective anxiety). Pregnancy outcome information was recorded. <jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic> The prevalence of serious fear of childbirth (W\u2010DEQ &gt; \/100) was 5.5%. The W\u2010DEQ and STAI scores were positively correlated (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>=\/0.44, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;\/0.001). Among the anxious women, a trend towards more frequent operative vaginal delivery (12.1% versus 6.9%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=\/0.07) was noted, but not for emergency cesarean section (10.6% versus 7.6%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=\/0.34). Women who reported being exposed to physical or sexual abuse in childhood had a higher W\u2010DEQ score (71, SD 31 and 69, SD 27) than did the non\u2010abused (61, SD 23, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.01). Only half of women sexually or physically abused in childhood (54% and 57% respectively) had uncomplicated vaginal delivery at term versus 75% among non\u2010abused (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.001). <jats:italic>Conclusion.<\/jats:italic> The prevalence of serious fear of childbirth was 5.5%. Fear of childbirth was not associated with mode of delivery, whereas sexual or physical abuse in childhood influenced negatively mode of delivery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340500432507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,8]],"date-time":"2009-12-08T17:35:29Z","timestamp":1260293729000},"page":"435-440","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":126,"title":["Fear of childbirth and history of abuse: implications for pregnancy and delivery"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"RUNA","family":"HEIMSTAD","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"RAIJA","family":"DAHLOE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"INGEBJORG","family":"LAACHE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"EIRIK","family":"SKOGVOLL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"BERIT","family":"SCHEI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.1998.770512.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1993.tb14228.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-0528.2002.01351.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1998.tb09349.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","first-page":"1064","article-title":"Is there an incremental rise in the risk of obstetric intervention with increasing maternal age?","volume":"9","author":"Rosenthal AN","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001703-199712000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)09113-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07918-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2003.08.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","first-page":"77","volume-title":"Maternal deaths in Norway, 1976\u20131995","author":"Andersgaard A","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-536X.2001.00101.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2002.01393.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1999.tb08233.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2002.01706.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016349309068038"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/14034948990270040201"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(99)00413-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.2003.00114.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000299611"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01674828409017457"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01674829809048501"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.2003.820102.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","volume-title":"Manual for the State\u2010Trait Anxiety Inventory (Form Y Self\u2010Evaluation Questionnaire)","author":"Spielberger C","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8260.1990.tb00906.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(98)00023-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","unstructured":"Haseth K Hagtvet K Spielberger C.Manual for Norwegian trait and state anxiety inventorium Form Y (STAI\u2010N) in Anonymous. 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