{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T12:56:00Z","timestamp":1790686560892,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,31]],"date-time":"2010-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1521,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Background.<\/jats:italic> To evaluate the efficacy of electromyographic biofeedback and topical lidocaine treatment for women with vulvar vestibulitis. <jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic> A prospective randomized study where 46 women with vulvar vestibulitis were randomized to receive either electromyographic biofeedback or topical lidocaine treatment for four months. Assessments with vulvar pressure pain thresholds and questionnaires regarding quality of life, psychosocial adjustments, and sexual functioning were made before treatment, after treatment, and at six\u2010 and 12\u2010month follow\u2010ups. Nonparametric statistical methods were used to analyze differences in outcomes. <jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic> Nine women (9\/46) dropped out during the treatment period. Both treatments showed significantly improved values for vestibular pressure pain thresholds, quality of life measurements, and sexual functioning at the 12\u2010month follow\u2010up. No differences were found between the two treatment groups. No severe side effects were reported. <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. Four months\u2019 treatment with electromyographic biofeedback and topical lidocaine gave statistically significant improvements on vestibular pain measurements, sexual functioning, and psychosocial adjustments at the 12\u2010month follow\u2010up. No differences in outcome between the two treatments were observed but a larger sample may be needed to obtain significance. The treatments were well tolerated but the compliance to the electromyographic biofeedback training program was low. A combination of both treatments could potentially benefit many women with vulvar vestibulitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340600883401","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,8]],"date-time":"2009-12-08T17:34:18Z","timestamp":1260293658000},"page":"1360-1367","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":122,"title":["EMG biofeedback versus topical lidocaine gel: a randomized study for the treatment of women with vulvar vestibulitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"INGELA","family":"DANIELSSON","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"THOMAS","family":"TORSTENSSON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"GUNILLA","family":"BRODDA\u2010JANSEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"NINA","family":"BOHM\u2010STARKE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14034940210134040"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","first-page":"82","article-title":"A population\u2010based assessment of chronic unexplained vulvar pain: have we underestimated the prevalence of vulvodynia?","volume":"58","author":"Harlow BL","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Med Womens Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000010309"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(00)00449-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.77.1.53"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","first-page":"110","article-title":"Vulvar vestibulitis syndrome","volume":"32","author":"Friedrich EG","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","first-page":"514","article-title":"Therapeutic studies on vulvar vestibulitis","volume":"33","author":"Friedrich EG","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","first-page":"772","article-title":"2003 ISSVD terminology and classification of vulvodynia: a historical perspective","volume":"49","author":"Moyal\u2010Barracco M","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(97)00719-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000010045"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(01)01578-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(01)00352-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(01)00442-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2002.01416.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-199703000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(99)00061-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/S0002-9378(03)00790-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00128360-200501000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","first-page":"283","article-title":"Treatment of vulvar vestibulitis syndrome with electromyographic biofeedback of pelvic floor musculature","volume":"40","author":"Glazer HI","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_21_2","first-page":"337","article-title":"Treating vulvar vestibulitis with electromyographic biofeedback of pelvic floor musculature","volume":"46","author":"McKay E","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-200307000-00017"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_8_23_2","first-page":"713","article-title":"Treatment of vulvar vestibulitis with submucous infiltrations of methylprednisolone and lidocaine. 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