{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T06:22:02Z","timestamp":1767853322500,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,31]],"date-time":"2010-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1217,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Background.<\/jats:italic> Few studies have investigated the relationship between inflammation and spontaneous preterm delivery (sPTD) in women before preterm labour. The authors examine whether mid\u2010pregnancy plasma cytokine levels are associated with sPTD, and whether associations vary by maternal age, body mass index, prior preterm delivery, or gravidity. <jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic> This case\u2010control study was nested within the Danish National Birth Cohort, a cohort of women with 101,042 pregnancies from 1997 to 2002. Included in this study are 61 women delivering at 24\u201329 weeks, 278 delivering at 30\u201333 weeks, 334 delivering at 34\u201336 weeks, and 1,125 delivering at \u226537 weeks. Maternal plasma interleukin (IL)\u20102, IL\u20106, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b1, interferon (IFN)\u2010\u03b3, and granulocyte\u2010macrophage colony\u2010stimulating factor (GM\u2010CSF) at 25 weeks\u2019 gestation were measured using multiplex flow cytometry. <jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic> For IL\u20102, TNF\u2010\u03b1, and GM\u2010CSF, the proportion of women with levels &gt;75th or &gt;90th percentile did not differ by gestational age at delivery. IFN\u2010\u03b3 &gt;90th percentile was associated with an increased risk of delivering at 30\u201333 weeks (crude odds ratio (cOR): 1.56; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07\u20132.30), while IFN\u2010\u03b3 &gt;75th percentile and IL\u20106 &gt;75th percentile were associated with an increased risk of delivering at 34\u201336 weeks (cOR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.01\u20131.73); estimates changed little after adjusting for confounders. There was no effect\u2010measure modification by maternal factors. <jats:italic>Conclusion.<\/jats:italic> Elevated mid\u2010pregnancy plasma IL\u20102, TNF\u2010\u03b1, and GM\u2010CSF did not appear to be associated with an increased risk of sPTD, while elevated IFN\u2010\u03b3 and IL\u20106 levels were weakly associated with moderate and late sPTD. The value of using mid\u2010pregnancy cytokines in predicting spontaneous preterm delivery appears limited.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340701515423","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,22]],"date-time":"2007-08-22T12:16:22Z","timestamp":1187784982000},"page":"1103-1110","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Mid\u2010pregnancy maternal plasma levels of interleukin 2, 6, and 12, tumor necrosis factor\u2010alpha, interferon\u2010gamma, and granulocyte\u2010macrophage colony\u2010stimulating factor and spontaneous preterm delivery"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"ALLISON E.","family":"CURRY","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"IDA","family":"VOGEL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"CAROLYN","family":"DREWS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"DIANA","family":"SCHENDEL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"KRISTIN","family":"SKOGSTRAND","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W. 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