{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T09:04:31Z","timestamp":1792659871225,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aust N Z J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: The aim of the present pilot study was to examine the effectiveness of a relaxation massage therapy programme in reducing stress, anxiety and aggression on a young adult psychiatric inpatient unit.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Method: This was a prospective, non-randomized intervention study comparing treatment as usual (TAU) with TAU plus massage therapy intervention (MT) over consecutive 7 week blocks (May\u2013August 2006). MT consisted of a 20 min massage therapy session offered daily to patients during their period of hospitalization. The Kennedy Nurses\u2019 Observational Scale for Inpatient Evaluation (NOSIE), the Symptom Checklist-90\u2013Revised (SCL-90-R), the State\u2013Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and stress hormone (saliva cortisol) levels were used to measure patient outcomes at admission and discharge from the unit. The Staff Observation Aggression Scale\u2013Revised (SOAS-R) was used to monitor the frequency and severity of aggressive incidents on the unit.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: There was a significant reduction in self-reported anxiety (p &lt; 0.001), resting heart rate (p &lt; 0.05) and cortisol levels (p &lt; 0.05) immediately following the initial and final massage therapy sessions. Significant improvements in hostility (p = 0.007) and depression scores (p &lt; 0.001) on the SCL-90-R were observed in both treatment groups. There was no group\u00d7time interaction on any of the measures. Poor reliability of staff-reported incidents on the SOAS-R limited the validity of results in this domain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions: Massage therapy had immediate beneficial effects on anxiety-related measures and may be a useful de-escalating tool for reducing stress and anxiety in acutely hospitalized psychiatric patients. Study limitations preclude any definite conclusions on the effect of massage therapy on aggressive incidents in an acute psychiatric setting. Randomized controlled trials are warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/00048670801961131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,7]],"date-time":"2009-12-07T18:35:46Z","timestamp":1260210946000},"page":"414-422","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Pilot Study Evaluating the Effect of Massage Therapy on Stress, Anxiety and Aggression in a Young Adult Psychiatric Inpatient Unit"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Belinda","family":"Garner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ORYGEN Research Centre, Locked Bag 10, Parkville, Vic. 3052, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa J.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Behavioural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans-Martin","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ORYGEN Youth Health, Northwestern Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Connie","family":"Markulev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ORYGEN Research Centre, Locked Bag 10, Parkville, Vic. 3052, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny","family":"O'Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Behavioural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregor E.","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ORYGEN Research Centre, Locked Bag 10, Parkville, Vic. 3052, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Burnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ORYGEN Youth Health, Northwestern Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick D.","family":"McGorry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ORYGEN Youth Health, Northwestern Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"ORYGEN Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00048670801961131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2648.2000.01284.x"},{"key":"bibr2-00048670801961131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0979.2005.00354.x"},{"key":"bibr3-00048670801961131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674378703200308"},{"key":"bibr4-00048670801961131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1614.2002.01069.x"},{"key":"bibr5-00048670801961131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.156.5.732"},{"key":"bibr6-00048670801961131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881107067242"},{"key":"bibr7-00048670801961131","first-page":"555","volume":"33","author":"Field T","year":"1998","journal-title":"Adolescence"},{"key":"bibr8-00048670801961131","first-page":"903","volume":"31","author":"Field T","year":"1996","journal-title":"Adolescence"},{"key":"bibr9-00048670801961131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199201000-00019"},{"key":"bibr10-00048670801961131","first-page":"597","volume":"37","author":"Diego MA","year":"2002","journal-title":"Adolescence"},{"key":"bibr11-00048670801961131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00207459608986710"},{"key":"bibr12-00048670801961131","volume-title":"ECDEU assessment manual for psychopharmacology","author":"Honigfeld G","year":"1976"},{"key":"bibr13-00048670801961131","volume-title":"SCL-090-R: Administration, scoring and procedures manual II","author":"Derogatis L","year":"1983"},{"key":"bibr14-00048670801961131","volume-title":"STAI manual","author":"Speilberger CD","year":"1970"},{"key":"bibr15-00048670801961131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2337(1999)25:3<197::AID-AB4>3.0.CO;2-C"},{"key":"bibr16-00048670801961131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2004.00417.x"},{"key":"bibr17-00048670801961131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-826874","volume":"129","author":"M\u00fcller-Oerlinghausen B","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dtsch Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"bibr18-00048670801961131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10401239509149019"}],"container-title":["Australian &amp; 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