{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T01:48:44Z","timestamp":1791942524713,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,18]],"date-time":"2013-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Psychol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study compared the prevalence of self\u2010reported childhood physical abuse and neglect and the associated psychopathological sequelae among Kenyan, Zambian, and Dutch university students. In addition, we sought to find out the differentiated role of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in mediating the associations between childhood maltreatment experiences and psychopathology symptoms. The sample consisted of 862 university students from Kenya (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009375), Zambia (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009182), and The Netherlands (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009305) who completed the Personal and Relationships Profile (PRP). Results showed that physical abuse was highly prevalent in Kenya (59%) and Zambia (40%), and that neglect was even more prevalent than physical abuse in Zambia and The Netherlands at 59%, 54%, and 42% for the Kenyan, Zambian, and Dutch samples respectively. Neglect was associated with psychopathological symptoms in all three samples, whereas physical abuse was associated with psychopathological sequelae in the Kenyan and Zambian samples only. PTSS mediated the association between neglect and psychopathology symptoms in the Dutch sample and between physical abuse and psychopathology symptoms in the Dutch and Kenyan samples. We conclude that physical abuse and neglect are associated with psychopathology symptoms independently of country and cultural context. However, the pathways through which physical abuse and neglect may lead to psychopathological sequelae may be dependent on perceptions of specific parental behavior in different sociocultural contexts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/00207594.2012.691975","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,18]],"date-time":"2013-04-18T18:33:13Z","timestamp":1366309993000},"page":"95-107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Child physical abuse and neglect in Kenya, Zambia and the Netherlands: A cross\u2010cultural comparison of prevalence, psychopathological sequelae and mediation by PTSS"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Catherine","family":"Mbagaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Maseno University  Maseno Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Oburu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Maseno University  Maseno Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marian J.","family":"Bakermans\u2010Kranenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Child and Family Studies, Leiden University  Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/353132"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, Fourth edition (DSM\u2010IV)","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(94)90005-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infbeh.2004.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","volume-title":"Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory","author":"Bandura A.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.51.6.1173"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(02)00535-5","article-title":"Trends in child malreatment","volume":"27","author":"Behl L.E.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413, 434","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.114.3.413","article-title":"Etiology of child maltreatment: A developmental\u2013ecological analysis","volume":"114","author":"Belsky J.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801204266312"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2003.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579409990289"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327965pli0803_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.1994.tb00774.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.67.3.367","article-title":"Sexually and physically abused foster children and PTSD","volume":"67","author":"Dubner A.E.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14330237.2009.10820271"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"The APSAC handbook on child maltreatment","author":"Erickson M.F.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559509345904"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.128.4.539"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1383\/psyt.2005.4.7.53"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2008.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-3737.2007.00472.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10896-007-9107-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0852(200001\/02)9:1<6::AID-CAR579>3.0.CO;2-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(02)00341-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2452"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.56.7.600"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2008.07.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","first-page":"21","volume-title":"The APSAC handbook on child maltreatment","author":"Kolko DJ.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0145-2134(91)90010-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/car.1020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","volume-title":"Asking pupils about abuse: The results of a national study on the prevalence of child abuse conducted in secondary education (in Dutch)","author":"Lamers\u2010Winkelman F.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001504-200107000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.2001.89.2.431"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011173103684"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579401004023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1996.02170290056009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.91.5.753"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01650250344000127"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20156"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.101.3.396","article-title":"No more than skin\u2010deep: Ethnic and racial similarity in developmental process","volume":"101","author":"Rowe D.C.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024702501224"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2003.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2006.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2005.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.2008.22.3.221"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2007.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559511403920"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Straus M. A. Hamby S. L. Boney\u2010McCoy S. &Sugarman D. B.(1999).The Personal and Relationships Profile. Retrieved March 31 2012 fromhttp:\/\/pubpages.unh.edu\/~mas2","DOI":"10.1037\/t02465-000"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","unstructured":"United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). (2009).Human Development Index 2009. Retrieved March 31 2012 fromwww.hdr.undp.org\/en\/statistics"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","unstructured":"US Department of Health and Human Services [DHSS]. (2008).Administration for children and families: Child Maltreatment 2008. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.acf.hhs.gov\/programs\/cb\/pubs\/cm08\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2010.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0079175"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.8.1223"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(98)00077-5"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Psychology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1080%2F00207594.2012.691975","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/00207594.2012.691975","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T00:28:24Z","timestamp":1700612904000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1080\/00207594.2012.691975"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/00207594.2012.691975"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00207594.2012.691975","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7594","1464-066X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-7594","type":"print"},{"value":"1464-066X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-04-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}