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A total of 554 German\u2010speaking volunteers from the community, mainly in Austria, completed measures of consideration of cosmetic surgery and three measures of sexist attitudes, while a subset of participants in romantic relationships completed a measure of endorsement of cosmetic surgery for their partners along with the measures of sexism. Preliminary analyses showed that women and single respondents were more likely to consider having cosmetic surgery than men and committed respondents, respectively. Further analyses showed that consideration of cosmetic surgery for oneself was significantly associated with sexist attitudes, particularly hostile attitudes to women. In addition, among participants in a relationship, sexist attitudes were associated with endorsement of cosmetic surgery for one's partner. These results indicate that attitudes to cosmetic surgery for oneself and one's partner are shaped by gender\u2010ideological belief systems in patriarchal societies. Possible implications for understanding the motivations for having cosmetic surgery, among both single respondents and couples, are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/00207594.2012.740566","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,8]],"date-time":"2012-11-08T08:43:22Z","timestamp":1352364202000},"page":"1221-1229","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Blame it on patriarchy: More sexist attitudes are associated with stronger consideration of cosmetic surgery for oneself and one's partner"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Viren","family":"Swami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Westminster London UK"},{"name":"Department of Psychology HELP University College Kuala Lumpur 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