{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T22:35:02Z","timestamp":1787006102311,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/003655299750026380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T12:00:13Z","timestamp":1027684813000},"page":"375-383","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Helicobacter pylori Induces Apoptosis in Gastric Mucosa through an Upregulation of Bax Expression in Humans"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"34","author":[{"family":"P. C. Konturek, P. Pierzchalski, S. J. Konturek, H. Meixner,","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.37.2.165"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.107.12.3569"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"239","volume":"26","author":"Kerr JFR","year":"1972","unstructured":"Kerr JFR, Wyllie AH, Currie AR. Apoptosis: a basic biological phenomenon with wide-ranging implication in tissue kinetics. Br J Cancer 1972;26:239\u201357.","journal-title":"Currie AR. Apoptosis: a basic biological phenomenon with wide-ranging implication in tissue kinetics. Br J Cancer"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v110.pm8613014"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7878464"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"498","article-title":"Holt PR","volume":"38","author":"Moss SF","year":"1996","unstructured":"Moss SF, Calam J, Agarwal B, Wang S, Holt PR. Induction of gastric epithelial apoptosis by Helicobacter pylori. Gut 1996; 38:498\u2013501.","journal-title":"Induction of gastric epithelial apoptosis by Helicobacter pylori. Gut"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.48.1.267"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3874430"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"1838","article-title":"H. pylori","volume":"113","author":"Wagner S","year":"1997","unstructured":"Wagner S, Beil W, Westermann J, Logan RPH, Bock CT, Trautwein Ch, et al. Regulation of gastric epithelial cell growth by H. pylori: evidence for a major role of apoptosis. Gastroenterology 1997;113: 1838\u201347.","journal-title":"evidence for a major role of apoptosis. Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.1991.tb01468.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"493","article-title":"Ben-Sasson SA","volume":"119","author":"Gavrieli Y","year":"1992","unstructured":"Gavrieli Y, Sherman Y, Ben-Sasson SA. Identification of programmed cell death in situ via specific labeling of nuclear DNA fragmentation. J Cell Biol 1992;119:493\u2013501.","journal-title":"Identification of programmed cell death in situ via specific labeling of nuclear DNA fragmentation. J Cell Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"760","article-title":"Tham KT, Perez-Perez GI, Zhao X, Atherton JC, et al","volume":"71","author":"Peek RM","year":"1995","unstructured":"Peek RM, Miller GG, Tham KT, Perez-Perez GI, Zhao X, Atherton JC, et al. Heightened inflammatory response and cytokine expression in vivo to cagA+ Helicobacter pylori strains. Lab Invest 1995;71:760\u201370.","journal-title":"Heightened inflammatory response and cytokine expression in vivo to cagA+ Helicobacter pylori strains. Lab Invest"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","first-page":"419","article-title":"Perez-Perez GI, Blaser MJ, Smith PD","volume":"111","author":"Harris PR","year":"1996","unstructured":"Harris PR, Mobley HLT, Perez-Perez GI, Blaser MJ, Smith PD. Helicobacter pylori urease is a potent stimulus of mononuclear phagocyte activation and inflammatory cytokine production. Gastroenterology 1996;111:419\u201325.","journal-title":"Helicobacter pylori urease is a potent stimulus of mononuclear phagocyte activation and inflammatory cytokine production. Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"Sambrook J Fritsch EF Maniatis T. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of proteins. In: Sambrook J Fritsch EF Maniatis T editors. Molecular cloning. New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; 1989. p. 18.47\u201318.75."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365529850166860"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119557"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(97)80012-1"},{"issue":"41","key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"A118","article-title":"H. pylori","author":"Konturek PC","year":"1997","unstructured":"Konturek PC, Brzozowski T, Konturek SJ, Karczewska E, Ghiara P, Ihlm A, et al. The effects of different H. pylori (Hp) strains on ulcer healing and epithelial apoptosis in mouse model of H.p-infection [abstract]. Gut 1997;Suppl I (41):A118.","journal-title":"Hp) strains on ulcer healing and epithelial apoptosis in mouse model of H.p-infection [abstract]. Gut"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365529850170991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","first-page":"203","article-title":"Slomiany BL","volume":"32","author":"Piotrowski J","year":"1997","unstructured":"Piotrowski J, Piotrowski E, Skrodzka D, Slomiany A, Slomiany BL. Induction of acute gastritis and epithelial apoptosis by Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide. Scand J Gastroenterol 1997;32:203\u201311.","journal-title":"Induction of acute gastritis and epithelial apoptosis by Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide. Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","first-page":"C48","article-title":"Jansons R","volume":"272","author":"Hagen SJ","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hagen SJ, Takahashi S, Jansons R. Role of vacuolation in the death of gastric epithelial cells. Am J Physiol 1997;272:C48\u201358.","journal-title":"Role of vacuolation in the death of gastric epithelial cells. Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/87.23.1777"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","first-page":"18","article-title":"Cytotoxin-associated gene A-positive Helicobacter pylori infection in the elderly","volume":"26","author":"Pilotto A","year":"1998","unstructured":"Pilotto A, Rassu M, Bozzola L, Leandro G, Franceschi M, Furlan F, et al. Cytotoxin-associated gene A-positive Helicobacter pylori infection in the elderly. Association with gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia. J Clin Gastroenterol 1998; 26:18\u201322.","journal-title":"Association with gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia. J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","first-page":"645","article-title":"Calam J","volume":"8","author":"Beales ILP","year":"1996","unstructured":"Beales ILP, Crabtree JE, Scunes D, Covacci A, Calam J. Antibodies to CagA protein are associated with gastric atrophy in Helicobacter pylori infection. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1996;8:645\u20139.","journal-title":"Antibodies to CagA protein are associated with gastric atrophy in Helicobacter pylori infection. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","first-page":"G1333","article-title":"Sobek-Klocke I, Schmidt H, et al","volume":"114","author":"Wagner S","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wagner S, Wingbermuhle D, Beil W, Obst B, Sobek-Klocke I, Schmidt H, et al. Significance of H. pylori CagA and VacA genotypes on apoptosis of gastric epithelial cells [abstract]. Gastroenterology 1998;114:G1333.","journal-title":"Significance of H. pylori CagA and VacA genotypes on apoptosis of gastric epithelial cells [abstract]. Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","first-page":"205","article-title":"H. pylori","author":"Abdalla AM","year":"1998","unstructured":"Abdalla AM, Krivosheyev V, Hanzely Z, Holt PR, Perez-Perez GI, Blaser MJ, et al. Increased epithelial cell turnover in antrum and corpus of H. pylori-infected stomach, irrespective of CagA status [abstract]. Gastroenterology 1998;114:GO205.","journal-title":"-infected stomach, irrespective of CagA status [abstract]. Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","first-page":"3238","article-title":"Inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitrotyrosine, and apoptosis in Helicobacter pylori gastritis: effect of antibiotics and antioxidants","volume":"56","author":"Mannick EE","year":"1996","unstructured":"Mannick EE, Bravo LE, Zarama G, Realpe JL, Zhang XJ, Ruiz B, et al. Inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitrotyrosine, and apoptosis in Helicobacter pylori gastritis: effect of antibiotics and antioxidants. Cancer Res 1996;56:3238\u201343.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","first-page":"114:G4777","article-title":"TNF\u03b1 induced by H. pylori phosphorylates JNK pathway which may induce apoptosis in gastric mucosal cells [abstract]","author":"Nagahara A","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nagahara A, Miwa H, Hirose M, Misawa H, Kawabe M, Watanabe S, et al. TNF\u03b1 induced by H. pylori phosphorylates JNK pathway which may induce apoptosis in gastric mucosal cells [abstract]. Gastroenterology 1998;114:G4777.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","first-page":"1985","article-title":"Apoptosis in chronic gastritis: correlation of glandular apoptosis with antigastric antoantibodies","volume":"80","author":"Steininger H","year":"1986","unstructured":"Steininger H, Faller G, Dewald E, Kirchner T. Apoptosis in chronic gastritis: correlation of glandular apoptosis with antigastric antoantibodies. Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol 1986;80: 1985\u201390.","journal-title":"Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002215549704500702"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oltvai ZN Milliman CL Korsmeyer SJ. Bcl-2 heterodimerizes in vivo with a conserved homolog Bax that accelerates programmed cell death. Cell 1993;74: 609\u201319.","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90509-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","first-page":"256","article-title":"Subcellular localization of the Bcl-2 in malignant and normal lymphoid cells","volume":"54","author":"de Jong D","year":"1994","unstructured":"de Jong D, Prins FA, Mason DY, Reed JC, van Ommen GB, Kluin PM. Subcellular localization of the Bcl-2 in malignant and normal lymphoid cells. Cancer Res 1994;54:256\u201360.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/40.12.1453000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/42867"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","first-page":"405","article-title":"Wang X","volume":"90","author":"Zou H","year":"1997","unstructured":"Zou H, Henzel WJ, Liu X, Lutschg A, Wang X. Apaf-1, a human protein homologous to C-elegans CED-4, participates in cytochrome c-dependent activation of caspase-3. Cell 1997; 90:405\u201313.","journal-title":"Apaf-1, a human protein homologous to C-elegans CED-4, participates in cytochrome c-dependent activation of caspase-3. Cell"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80434-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.277.5324.370"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.17.10777"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McCurrach Connor TM Knudson CM Korsmeyer SJ Lowe SW. Bax-deficiency promotes drug resistance and oncogenic transformation by attenuating p53-dependent apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94: 2345\u20139.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.6.2345"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81871-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","first-page":"96","article-title":"Korsmeyer SJ","volume":"270","author":"Knudson CM","year":"1997","unstructured":"Knudson CM, Tung KSK, Tourtellote WG, Brown GAJ, Korsmeyer SJ. Bax-deficient mice with lymphoid hyperplasia and male germ cell death. Science 1997;270:96\u20139.","journal-title":"Bax-deficient mice with lymphoid hyperplasia and male germ cell death. Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","first-page":"354","article-title":"Bcl-2 deficiency in mice leads to pleiotropic abnormalities: accelerated lymphoid cell death in thymus and spleen, polycystic kidney, hair hipopigmentation, and distorted small intestine","volume":"55","author":"Kamada S","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kamada S, Shimono A, Shinto Y, Tsujimura T, Takahashi T, Noda T, et al. Bcl-2 deficiency in mice leads to pleiotropic abnormalities: accelerated lymphoid cell death in thymus and spleen, polycystic kidney, hair hipopigmentation, and distorted small intestine. Cancer Res 1995;55:354\u20139.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1997.7485"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.159.11.5318"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","first-page":"1449","article-title":"Immunohistochemical analysis of Bcl-2 family proteins in adenocarcinoma of the stomach","volume":"149","author":"Krajewska M","year":"1996","unstructured":"Krajewska M, Fenoglio-Preiser CM, Krajewski S, Song M, Macdonald JS, Stemmerman G, et al. Immunohistochemical analysis of Bcl-2 family proteins in adenocarcinoma of the stomach. Am J Pathol 1996;149:1449\u201357.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"}],"container-title":["Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/003655299750026380","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T12:40:54Z","timestamp":1772714454000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/003655299750026380"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/003655299750026380"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/003655299750026380","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-5521","1502-7708"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-5521","type":"print"},{"value":"1502-7708","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]}}}