{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T20:57:25Z","timestamp":1782853045756,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776124800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/policies-text-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/00952990.2026.2646242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T19:36:26Z","timestamp":1776195386000},"page":"380-390","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Co-occurring substance use disorders and the compounding effect of kratom on serious mental illness, US, 2021\u20132023"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"George","family":"Pro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","place":["Little Rock, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Alsbrook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","place":["Little Rock, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffery H.","family":"Moran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","place":["Little Rock, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Thomsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","place":["Little Rock, USA"]},{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","place":["Little Rock, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Koturbash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","place":["Little Rock, USA"]},{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","place":["Little Rock, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.disamonth.2022.101442"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","first-page":"801855","article-title":"Understanding kratom use: a guide for healthcare providers","volume":"13","author":"Swogger M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Swogger M, Smith K, Garcia-Romeo A, Grundmann O, Veltri C, Henningfield J, Busch LY. Understanding kratom use: a guide for healthcare providers. Front Psychol. 2022;13:801855.","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-016-0588-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209.2025.2590311"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","volume-title":"Results from the 2023 national survey on drug use and health: detailed tables. Table 8.22A - Illicit drug, illegally made fentanyl, or other substance use in the past year","author":"Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality","year":"2024","unstructured":"Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. Results from the 2023 national survey on drug use and health: detailed tables. Table 8.22A - Illicit drug, illegally made fentanyl, or other substance use in the past year. Bethesda (MD): Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2024. https:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/data\/report\/2023-nsduh-detailed-tables."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990.2024.2414319"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2020.107849"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","article-title":"Mccurdy studies whether kratom can reduce opioid withdrawal, ease pain","author":"Talesnik D","year":"2022","unstructured":"Talesnik D. Mccurdy studies whether kratom can reduce opioid withdrawal, ease pain. NIH Rec. 2022;LXXIV.","journal-title":"NIH Rec"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b00360"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12639"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-025-01631-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1403140"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadr.2023.100142"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.53401"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.13345"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","first-page":"21br02930","article-title":"Prevalence of kratom use and its co-occurring substance use disorders in the United States, 2019","volume":"23","author":"Xu K","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xu K, Mintz C, Borodovsky J, Glaser P, Bierut L, Grucza R. Prevalence of kratom use and its co-occurring substance use disorders in the United States, 2019. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2021;23:21br02930.","journal-title":"Prim Care Companion CNS Disord"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","first-page":"326","article-title":"Notes from the field: unintentional drug overdose deaths with kratom detected - 27 states, July 2016-December 2017","volume":"68","author":"O\u2019Malley Olsen E","year":"2019","unstructured":"O\u2019Malley Olsen E, O\u2019Donnell J, Mattson C, Schier J, Wilson N. Notes from the field: unintentional drug overdose deaths with kratom detected - 27 states, July 2016-December 2017. MMWR. 2019;68:326\u2013327.","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15082"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2008.02209.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2021.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1332999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","unstructured":"National Alliance on Mental Health. Mental health by the numbers. About mental illness. Arlington (VA): NAMI; 2025. https:\/\/www.nami.org\/about-mental-illness\/mental-health-by-the-numbers."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jnu.12879"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2022.109551"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.12.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-020-00949-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.08.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000717"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2023.107625"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.josat.2022.208932"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2021.106729"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_1","article-title":"Impact of polysubstance use on major depression, serious psychological distress, and mental illness among US adults","author":"Khan T","unstructured":"Khan T, Mazumder S, Rahman M. Impact of polysubstance use on major depression, serious psychological distress, and mental illness among US adults. Int J Ment Health Addict. [2025 Jun 24] Epub ahead of print.","journal-title":"Int J Ment Health Addict"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000539338"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10550887.2023.2273192"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psycr.2022.100069"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-199733050-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_1","unstructured":"Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): methodological summary and definitions. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2022. https:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/data\/report\/2022-methodological-summary-and-definitions."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_1","unstructured":"Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. How to prepare and analyze pair data in the National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Rockville (MD): Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2017. May https:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/data\/sites\/default\/files\/NSDUH-PairManual-2015.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_1","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: results from the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. HHS publication no. PEP24-07-021. SAMHSA: NSDUH Series H-59. Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality; 2022. https:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/data\/sites\/default\/files\/reports\/rpt39443\/2021NSDUHFFRRev010323.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_1","volume-title":"2023 national survey on drug use and health public use file codebook","author":"Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality","year":"2024","unstructured":"Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. 2023 national survey on drug use and health public use file codebook. Rockville (MD): Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2024."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2011.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000890"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2020.1855627"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2021.108710"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_1","unstructured":"SAS\/STAT Inc. Cary (NC) USA."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2021.2588"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2020.4321"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14688"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6814a2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000876"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16066359.2025.2514211"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44220-024-00282-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1416689"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990.2022.2111685"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.729220"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Protecting the nation\u2019s mental health. Mental health. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Atlanta (GA): US Department of Health and Human Services; [accessed 2025 June 9]. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mental-health\/about\/what-cdc-is-doing.html."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15620\/cdc\/174578"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_1","unstructured":"Garnett M Minino A. Drug overdose deaths in the United States 2023-2024. National Center for Health Statistics. NCHS data brief No. 549. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [accessed 2026 Jan]. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/products\/databriefs\/db549.htm."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2025.112701"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.16728"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.10.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-019-00741-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1479863"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3952"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/00952990.2026.2646242","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1080\/00952990.2026.2646242","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/00952990.2026.2646242","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T19:57:45Z","timestamp":1782849465000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/00952990.2026.2646242"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/00952990.2026.2646242"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00952990.2026.2646242","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-2990","1097-9891"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-2990","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-9891","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=iada20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=iada20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2025-11-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-03","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}