{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T20:50:58Z","timestamp":1775249458549,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"3","funder":[{"name":"MOST","award":["106-2410-H-029-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["106-2410-H-029-001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Behaviour & Information Technology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,4]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/0144929x.2018.1531927","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,13]],"date-time":"2018-10-13T04:51:41Z","timestamp":1539406301000},"page":"289-301","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Determinants of emoticon usage in mobile instant messaging: a construal level theory perspective"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Timmy H.","family":"Tseng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Sara H.","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Business Administration, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/109467059800100102"},{"key":"CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.103.3.411"},{"key":"CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002224376700400308"},{"key":"CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1096348008317391"},{"key":"CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-3445.135.4.609"},{"key":"CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.62.2.229"},{"key":"CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00223980.1994.9712741"},{"key":"CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.88.3.588"},{"key":"CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002224299005400206"},{"key":"CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/02652320810902433"},{"key":"CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/IntR-05-2012-0095"},{"key":"CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0144929X.2016.1269199"},{"key":"CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.technovation.2005.01.001"},{"key":"CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/10662240510590324"},{"key":"CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(86)90010-7"},{"key":"CIT0016","unstructured":"Clement, M. 2018. \u201cGet Visual with Emojis \u2013 6 Tips to Implement Emoji Marketing in Your Digital Strategy.\u201d [online] Accessed February 10, 2018. https:\/\/www.rocksdigital.com\/6-emoji-marketing-tips\/."},{"key":"CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15252019.2010.10722176"},{"key":"CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/249008"},{"key":"CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.35.8.982"},{"key":"CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.1992.tb00945.x"},{"key":"CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2004.11.013"},{"key":"CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2007.9926"},{"key":"CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2005.045203"},{"key":"CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2885.2010.01362.x"},{"key":"CIT0025","unstructured":"eMarketer. 2015. \u201cEmojis Help Consumers Communicate.\u201d eMarketer [online] Accessed January 19, 2017. https:\/\/www.emarketer.com\/Article\/Emojis-Help-Consumers-Communicate\/1013102."},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0026","first-page":"307","volume":"4","author":"Ericksen M. K.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Social Behavior and Personality"},{"key":"CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002224378101800104"},{"key":"CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1509\/jmkg.74.1.65"},{"key":"CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0148-2963(92)90014-3"},{"key":"CIT0030","volume-title":"Multivariate Data Analysis: A Global Perspective","author":"Hair J. F.","year":"2010","edition":"7"},{"key":"CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0148-2963(95)00126-3"},{"key":"CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/208570"},{"key":"CIT0033","first-page":"247","volume-title":"Statistical and Methodological Myths and Urban Legends: Received Doctrine, Verity, and Fable in Organizational and Social Research","author":"Highhouse S.","year":"2009"},{"key":"CIT0034","first-page":"1","volume-title":"ICIS 2011 Proceedings","author":"Huang L.","year":"2011"},{"key":"CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2008.07.001"},{"key":"CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00031-0"},{"key":"CIT0037","volume-title":"LISREL 7: A Guide to the Program and Applications","author":"J\u00f6reskog K. G.","year":"1989","edition":"2"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1080\/10696679.2015.1002330","volume":"23","author":"Jussila I.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice"},{"key":"CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/2151-2604\/a000077"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1080\/10696679.2015.1002337","volume":"23","author":"Kamleitner B.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice"},{"key":"CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2016.02.088"},{"key":"CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002224299405800307"},{"key":"CIT0043","volume-title":"Trust and Power","author":"Luhmann N.","year":"1979"},{"key":"CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0144929X.2016.1275807"},{"key":"CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0144929X.2017.1386713"},{"key":"CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4067\/S0718-18762013000100003"},{"key":"CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hrm.3930330305"},{"key":"CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014920639802400404"},{"key":"CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/358916.358975"},{"key":"CIT0050","volume-title":"Psychometric Theory","author":"Nunnally J. C.","year":"1978"},{"key":"CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2009.02.003"},{"key":"CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/10662240110396450"},{"key":"CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/209405"},{"key":"CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.2001.4378028"},{"key":"CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-0531(75)90006-X"},{"key":"CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203827123"},{"key":"CIT0057","unstructured":"Shaul, B. 2015. \u201cReport: 92% of Online Consumers Use Emoji (Infographic).\u201d Adweek [online] Accessed February 10, 2017. http:\/\/www.adweek.com\/digital\/report-92-of-online-consumers-use-emoji-infographic\/."},{"key":"CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2009.07.003"},{"key":"CIT0059","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS)","author":"Shi N.","year":"2013"},{"key":"CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0148-2963(85)90026-8"},{"key":"CIT0061","volume-title":"Self-Congruity: Toward A Theory of Personality and Cybernetics","author":"Sirgy M. J.","year":"1986"},{"key":"CIT0062","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0092070397253004"},{"key":"CIT0063","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcc4.12063"},{"key":"CIT0064","unstructured":"Statista. 2017. \u201cNumber of Mobile Phone Messaging App Users Worldwide from 2016 to 2021.\u201d Statista [online] Accessed March 15, 2018. https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/483255\/number-of-mobile-messaging-users-worldwide\/."},{"key":"CIT0065","unstructured":"Statista. 2018. \u201cMost Popular Mobile Messaging Apps Worldwide as of January 2018.\u201d Statista [online] Accessed April 4, 2018. https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/258749\/most-popular-global-mobile-messenger-apps\/."},{"key":"CIT0066","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesp.2010.11.001"},{"key":"CIT0067","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0144929X.2017.1349179"},{"key":"CIT0068","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/10650741111117798"},{"key":"CIT0069","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0747-5632(96)00004-0"},{"key":"CIT0070","first-page":"715","volume-title":"NA-Advances in Consumer Research","author":"Th\u00fcrridl C.","year":"2015"},{"key":"CIT0071","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0018963"},{"key":"CIT0072","first-page":"118","volume-title":"Handbook of Theories of Social Psychology","author":"Trope Y.","year":"2011"},{"key":"CIT0073","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1057-7408(07)70013-X"},{"key":"CIT0074","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7206(02)00079-4"},{"key":"CIT0075","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/25148660"},{"key":"CIT0076","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/job.249"},{"key":"CIT0077","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/009365092019001003"}],"container-title":["Behaviour & Information Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/0144929X.2018.1531927","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T19:50:22Z","timestamp":1775245822000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/0144929X.2018.1531927"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,13]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/0144929X.2018.1531927"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0144929x.2018.1531927","relation":{},"ISSN":["0144-929X","1362-3001"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0144-929X","type":"print"},{"value":"1362-3001","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=tbit20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=tbit20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2017-07-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-09-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-10-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}