{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T19:17:01Z","timestamp":1775675821691,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Behaviour & Information Technology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,19]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/0144929x.2020.1713213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,27]],"date-time":"2020-01-27T08:11:01Z","timestamp":1580112661000},"page":"625-634","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Smartphone proficiency and use, loneliness, and ego integrity: an examination of older adult smartphone users in South Korea"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Kisun","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Media and Communication, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung-Yeon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyung-Cheol","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Communication and Media, Sookmyung Women\u2019s University, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0747-5632(02)00014-6"},{"key":"CIT0002","unstructured":"Anderson, M. 2015, April 29. For Vast Majority of Seniors Who Own One, a Smartphone Equals \u2018Freedom\u2019.\u201d Retrieved from https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/fact-tank\/2015\/04\/29\/seniors-smartphones\/."},{"key":"CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/nuwa.2017.18.16"},{"key":"CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607869856506"},{"key":"CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0091415015591109"},{"key":"CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/16.2.118"},{"key":"CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093650203257842"},{"key":"CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104438948406500203"},{"key":"CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4040\/jkan.2004.34.7.1172"},{"key":"CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0883-9417(91)90027-3"},{"key":"CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2013.792780"},{"key":"CIT0012","unstructured":"DiMaggio, P., and E. Hargittai. 2001. \u201cFrom the \u2018Digital Divide\u2019 to \u2018Digital Inequality\u2019: Studying Internet Use as Penetration Increases.\u201d Center for Arts and Cultural Policy Studies, Woodrow Wilson School, Princeton University, Princeton, 4 (1): 4\u20132."},{"key":"CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000306515600400104"},{"key":"CIT0014","volume-title":"Childhood and Society","author":"Erikson E. H.","year":"1963"},{"key":"CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1814433.1814453"},{"key":"CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610292001303"},{"key":"CIT0017","unstructured":"Gao, J., and A. Koronios. 2010, July. \u201cMobile Application Development for Senior Citizens.\u201d In Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems. 65."},{"key":"CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.2197"},{"key":"CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2011.03.011"},{"key":"CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-015-0225-5"},{"key":"CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164496056006002"},{"key":"CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5210\/fm.v7i4.942"},{"key":"CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.4.2015.037"},{"key":"CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-4943(02)00049-3"},{"key":"CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10804-006-9003-2"},{"key":"CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2013.06.008"},{"key":"CIT0027","volume-title":"Interface Culture: How New Technology Transforms the Way we Create and Communicate","author":"Johnson S.","year":"1999"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0028","first-page":"199","volume":"33","author":"Kang W. S.","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Korean Gerontological Society"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0029","first-page":"31","volume":"1","author":"Kim J. S.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ewha Research Institute of Nursing Science"},{"key":"CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.53.9.1017"},{"key":"CIT0031","unstructured":"Lee, K. M. 2014. The Effects of the Utilization of Online Information Services on Ego Integrity of the Elderly. Retrieved from Research Information Sharing Service. (DDC 362.6.22)."},{"key":"CIT0032","unstructured":"Leit\u00e3o, R., and P. A. Silva. 2012, October. \u201cTarget and Spacing Sizes for Smartphone User Interfaces for Older Adults: Design Patterns Based on an Evaluation with Users.\u201d In Proceedings of the 19th conference on pattern languages of programs. 5. New York, NY: The Hillside Group."},{"key":"CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2054"},{"key":"CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2015.11.015"},{"key":"CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJEF.2013.058601"},{"key":"CIT0036","volume-title":"Theories of Developmental Psychology","author":"Miller P. H.","year":"1983"},{"key":"CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/K4MG-9VYG-WQL3-CBRH"},{"key":"CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0747-5632(03)00040-2"},{"key":"CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/7CK0-QFF8-HQJE-MHUP"},{"key":"CIT0040","unstructured":"NIA. 2013. \u201cThe Research of Information Divide of Older Persons.\u201d National Information Society Agency."},{"key":"CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139164887"},{"key":"CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1787\/9789264208261-en"},{"key":"CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/02635570710834009"},{"key":"CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2009.0003"},{"key":"CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08838159009386724"},{"key":"CIT0046","first-page":"1","volume":"22","author":"Poushter J.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pew Research Center"},{"key":"CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0270467610380009"},{"key":"CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.39.3.472"},{"key":"CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/1LN2-J92C-2168-THPH"},{"key":"CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2011.630373"},{"key":"CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/109493102753770552"},{"key":"CIT0052","volume-title":"Approaches to Social Research","author":"Singleton R.","year":"1988"},{"key":"CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/63.3.P176"},{"key":"CIT0054","author":"Smith A.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pew Internet and American Life Project"},{"key":"CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0898264311400189"},{"key":"CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2007.0010"},{"key":"CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/X9D5-5MT3-1326-75FL"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0058","first-page":"1","volume":"33","author":"United Nations","year":"2015","journal-title":"United Nations Economic and Social Affairs"},{"key":"CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2009.11.001"},{"key":"CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/RRAT-BL8J-J2U2-XRD3"},{"key":"CIT0061","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2013.0243"},{"key":"CIT0062","unstructured":"World Health Organization (n.d.). \u201cProposed Working Definition of an Older Person in Africa for the MDS Project.\u201d Retrieved from https:\/\/www.who.int\/healthinfo\/survey\/ageingdefnolder\/en\/."},{"key":"CIT0063","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139.2015.1056237"},{"key":"CIT0064","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2014.924348"},{"key":"CIT0065","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0144929X.2013.780637"}],"container-title":["Behaviour & Information Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/0144929X.2020.1713213","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]],"date-time":"2021-07-15T10:59:27Z","timestamp":1626346767000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/0144929X.2020.1713213"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,27]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,19]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/0144929X.2020.1713213"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0144929x.2020.1713213","relation":{},"ISSN":["0144-929X","1362-3001"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0144-929X","type":"print"},{"value":"1362-3001","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=tbit20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=tbit20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2019-03-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-11-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-01-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}