{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T20:52:13Z","timestamp":1791838333541,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"544","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"U.S. National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Isaact Newton Trust"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the American Statistical Association"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.2022.2049278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]],"date-time":"2022-03-07T14:26:00Z","timestamp":1646663160000},"page":"2370-2382","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Toward Better Practice of Covariate Adjustment in Analyzing Randomized Clinical Trials"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Ting","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KLATASDS-MOE, School of Statistics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China;"},{"name":"Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanyao","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Statistical Sciences, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingyuan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3150\/13-BEJ591"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.2017.1375934"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3982\/QE1150"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/63.3.615"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/app.20140494"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-019-0787-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","volume-title":"Guideline on Adjustment for Baseline Covariates in Clinical Trials","author":"EMA","year":"2015","unstructured":"EMA (2015), Guideline on Adjustment for Baseline Covariates in Clinical Trials. Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use, European Medicines Agency (EMA)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","volume-title":"Adjusting for Covariates in Randomized Clinical Trials for Drugs and Biological Products","author":"FDA","year":"2021","unstructured":"FDA (2021), Adjusting for Covariates in Randomized Clinical Trials for Drugs and Biological Products. Draft Guidance for Industry. Center for Drug Evaluation and Research and Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/07-AOAS143"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/08-STS262"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470523551"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.2021.1941053"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3710"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","unstructured":"Hu F. and Zhang L.-X. (2020) \u201cOn the Theory of Covariate-Adaptive Designs.\u201d arXiv preprint arXiv:2004.02994."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","first-page":"221","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability","volume":"1","author":"Huber P. J.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Huber, P. J. (1967), \u201cThe Behavior of Maximum Likelihood Estimates Under Nonstandard Conditions,\u201d in Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability (Vol. 1), pp. 221\u2013233. University of California Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","volume-title":"Statistical Principles for Clinical Trials E9","author":"International Council for Harmonisation (ICH E9)","year":"1998","unstructured":"International Council for Harmonisation (ICH E9) (1998), Statistical Principles for Clinical Trials E9, Geneva: Author."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.3087"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.7290"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rssb.12353"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1808191115"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/12-AOAS583"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/asaa038"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.2014.922469"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.2019.1635483"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","unstructured":"Ma W. Tu F. and Liu H. (2020b) \u201cRegression Analysis for Covariate-Adaptive Randomization: A Robust and Efficient Inference Perspective.\u201d arXiv preprint arXiv:2009.02287."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4076(85)90158-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3445"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2529712"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2202\/1557-4679.1138"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_1","volume-title":"Model Assisted Survey Sampling","author":"S\u00e4rndal C.-E.","year":"2003","unstructured":"S\u00e4rndal, C.-E., Swensson, B., and Wretman, J. (2003), Model Assisted Survey Sampling, New York: Springer."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/24754269.2021.1871873"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5705\/ss.2012.064"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/biom.12062"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/asq014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2016.12.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5705\/ss.202017.0384"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt1974155443"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3113"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/biom.13062"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.2021.1981338"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1912934"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1198\/000313001753272466"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41580"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/24754269.2018.1477005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ye T. Yi Y. and Shao J. (2020) \u201cInference on Average Treatment Effect Under Minimization and Other Covariate-Adaptive Randomization Methods.\u201d arXiv preprint arXiv:2007.09576.","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/asab015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(74)90015-0"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Statistical Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01621459.2022.2049278","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]],"date-time":"2024-03-22T14:50:51Z","timestamp":1711119051000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/01621459.2022.2049278"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,27]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"544","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/01621459.2022.2049278"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01621459.2022.2049278","relation":{},"ISSN":["0162-1459","1537-274X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0162-1459","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-274X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=uasa20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=uasa20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2020-09-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-02-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-03-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}