{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T11:37:34Z","timestamp":1777894654809,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,6,1]],"date-time":"2001-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":991353600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxicol Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Because the paired lobes (ventral, dorsal, lateral, and anterior) of the rat prostate have not been consistently sampled in many carcinogenicity and toxicity studies, comparison among different investigations has been compromised. The lack of specifi c site identifi cation for prostatic lesions further lessens the value of incidences reported. We present here the lobe-specific incidences and degree of severity of background prostatic, seminal vesicular, and ampullary glandular lesions in 1768 control Fischer-344 rats from 35 recent National Toxicology Program 2-year carcinogenicity and toxicity studies conducted in 4 laboratories. The dorsal and lateral lobes were combined and considered the dorsolateral lobe where inflammation, epithelial degeneration, mucinous cysts, and edema were observed. Infl ammation in the dorsolateral lobes was signifi cantly associated with pituitary gland adenoma whose prolactin was suggested to play an important role in pathogenesi s of prostatic inflammation. Epithelial degeneration, epithelial hyperplasia, infl ammation, edema, and adenoma were conspicuous in the ventral lobes. Infl ammation and edema occurred in the anterior lobes (coagulating glands). Inflammation, dilatation, epithelial hyperplasia, edema, and adenoma were observed in the seminal vesicles. Infl ammation was also present in the ampullary glands. We suggest an optimal embedment and trimming method in rat prostate and seminal vesicle to ensure adequate, consistent sampling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/01926230152500086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,29]],"date-time":"2003-01-29T23:23:13Z","timestamp":1043882593000},"page":"467-478","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["A Retrospective Analysis of Background Lesions and Tissue Accountability for Male Accessory Sex Organs in Fischer-344 Rats"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Takahiko","family":"Suwa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abraham","family":"Nyska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, ."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John C.","family":"Peckham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Pathology Laboratories Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James R.","family":"Hailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joel F.","family":"Mahler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph K.","family":"Haseman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert R.","family":"Maronpot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.2990130103"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.2990100307"},{"key":"atypb3","unstructured":"Aum\u00fc ller G., Sinowatz F. (1992). Normal development, growth, and aging in the male accessory sex glands. In: Pathobiology of the Aging Rat, vol 1, Mohr U, Dungworth DL, Capen CC (eds). ILSI Press, Washington DC, pp 427\u2014442."},{"key":"atypb4","unstructured":"Boorman GA, Elwell MR, Mitsumori K. (1990). Male accessory sex glands, penis, and scrotum . In: Pathology of Fischer Rats, Boorman GA, Eustis SL, Elwell MR, Montgomery Jr CA, MacKenzie WF (eds). Academic Press, San Diego, pp 419\u2014428."},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bosland MC (1987). Monographs on Pathology of Laboratory Animals, Genital System, Jones TC, Mohr U, Hunt RD (eds). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 252\u2014275.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-72550-0_38"},{"key":"atypb6","first-page":"443","volume":"1","author":"Bosland MC","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pathobiology of the Aging Rat"},{"key":"atypb7","unstructured":"Bosland MC, Tuomari DL, Elwell MR, Shirai T., Ward JM, McConnell RF (1998). Proliferative lesions of the prostate and other accessory sex glands in male rats In: Guides for Toxicologic Pathology, STP\/ARP\/AFIP, Washington, DC, pp 1\u201420."},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burek JD (1983). Age-associated pathology. In: Pathology of Aging Rats, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp 29\u2014168.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781351075435-7"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-60996-1_6"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.9086313"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/32.3.258"},{"key":"atypb12","first-page":"73","volume":"23","author":"Deerberg F.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Z Versuchstierkd"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1985.tb00260.x"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-0590(86)90262-9"},{"key":"atypb15","unstructured":"Furth J., Nakane PK, Pasteels JL (1976). Tumours of the pituitary gland. In: Pathology of Tumours in Laboratory Animals, vol 1, part 2, Turusov VS (ed). IARC scientific publication No. 6, IARC, Lyon, pp 201\u2014237."},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410X.1996.82219.x"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.2990110109"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(79)90029-2"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod45.2.308"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biolreprod\/22.2.351"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/29.4.6166661"},{"key":"atypb22","unstructured":"Ito N., Shirai T. (1990). Tumours of the accessory male sex organs. In: Pathology of Tumours in Laboratory Animals, 2nd ed, vol 1, Turusov VS, Mohr U (eds). IARC Scientific Publication No. 99, IARC, Lyon, pp 421\u2014 443."},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.2990030111"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.2990040608"},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)63834-5"},{"key":"atypb26","unstructured":"Lee C. (1981). Physiology of castration-induced regression inrat prostate. In: The Prostatic Cell: Structure and Function, PartA: Morphologic, Secretory, and Biochemical Aspects, Murphy GP, Sandberg AA, Karr JP (eds). Liss, New York, pp 145\u2014159."},{"key":"atypb27","first-page":"577","volume":"239","author":"Lee C.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Prog Clin Biol Res"},{"key":"atypb28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-72550-0_37"},{"key":"atypb29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.2990050305"},{"key":"atypb30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.887711"},{"key":"atypb31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365597909179995"},{"key":"atypb32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0162-3109(86)90040-8"},{"key":"atypb33","volume-title":"Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Butyl Benzyl Phthalate (CAS No. 85-68-7) in F344\/N Rats (Feed Studies), NTP technica l report No. 458, NIH Publication No. 97-3374","author":"National Toxicology Program (NTP)","year":"1997"},{"key":"atypb34","volume-title":"Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of D&C Yellow No. 11 (CAS No. 8003-22-3) in F344\/N Rats (Feed Studies), NTP technical report No. 463, NIH Publication No. 97-3379","author":"National Toxicology Program (NTP)","year":"1997"},{"key":"atypb35","volume-title":"Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Salicylazosulfapyridine (CAS No. 599-79-1) in F344\/N Rats and B6C3F Mice (Gavage Studies), NTP technical report No. 457, NIH Publication No. 97-3373","author":"National Toxicology Program (NTP)","year":"1997"},{"key":"atypb36","volume-title":"Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of t-Butylhydroquinone (CAS No. 1948-33- 0) in F344\/N Rats and B6C3F Mice (Feed Studies), NTP technical report No. 459, NIH Publication No. 97-3375","author":"National Toxicology Program (NTP)","year":"1997"},{"key":"atypb37","volume-title":"Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Theophylline (CAS No. 58-55-9) in F344\/N Rats and B6C3F Mice (Feed and Gavage Studies), NTP technical report No. 473, NIH Publication No. 98-3963","author":"National Toxicology Program (NTP)","year":"1998"},{"key":"atypb38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1984.tb00281.x"},{"key":"atypb39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-72550-0_44"},{"key":"atypb40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0045(19990201)38:2<159::AID-PROS10>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"atypb41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.2990020304"},{"key":"atypb42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.2990120310"},{"key":"atypb43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019262338801600309"},{"key":"atypb44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.1994.tb00451.x","volume":"15","author":"Scolnik MD","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Androl"},{"key":"atypb45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199306000-00010"},{"key":"atypb46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019262339802600320"},{"key":"atypb47","volume-title":"Nonparametric Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Siegel S.","year":"1956"},{"key":"atypb48","first-page":"361","volume":"41","author":"Sikorski","year":"1982","journal-title":"Folia Morphol (Warsz)"},{"key":"atypb49","volume-title":"Statistical Methods","author":"Snedecor AW","year":"1980","edition":"7"},{"key":"atypb50","first-page":"929","volume":"72","author":"Solleveld HA","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"atypb51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod61.6.1636"},{"key":"atypb52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0890-6238(99)00049-0"},{"key":"atypb53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.132.6.8504745"}],"container-title":["Toxicologic Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01926230152500086","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01926230152500086","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T07:26:19Z","timestamp":1777620379000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1080\/01926230152500086"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,6]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/01926230152500086"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01926230152500086","relation":{},"ISSN":["0192-6233","1533-1601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0192-6233","type":"print"},{"value":"1533-1601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,6]]}}}