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COX-2 positive cells were observed predominantly in the apical lamina propria of intestinal villi with fewer cells in the mucosal epithelium. The highest level of COX-2 expression was observed at the ileocaecal junction (ICJ). COX-2 expression was also present in parasympathetic ganglia of the submucosa and muscularis. In the stomach, the highest grade of COX-2 expression was observed in the apical lamina propria of the fundus adjacent to the junctional ridge. In contrast, COX-1 positive cells within the lamina propria were evenly distributed along the GI tract but were present in higher numbers than COX-2 positive cells. The mean level of COX-1 expression at the ICJ was not significantly different from the ileum and caecum. Evidence that the highest level of COX-2 expression in normal rats is located on the ileal side of the ICJ provides the first mechanism to explain spontaneous ulceration and perforation of the distal ileum in COX-2\u2212\/\u2212 animals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/01926230590906512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,24]],"date-time":"2005-01-24T16:17:21Z","timestamp":1106583441000},"page":"239-245","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Differential Expression of COX-1 and COX-2 in the Gastrointestinal Tract of the Rat"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Richard","family":"Haworth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Safety Assessment, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development Ltd., Ware, Herts SG12 0DP, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keli","family":"Oakley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Safety 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