{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T11:11:02Z","timestamp":1770981062100,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International journal of geographical information systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,7]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/02693799308901963","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,7]],"date-time":"2007-07-07T02:05:20Z","timestamp":1183773920000},"page":"305-314","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Issues of implementing a spatiotemporal system"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Gail","family":"Langran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"301","reference":[{"key":"CIT0001","first-page":"244","volume-title":"Proceedings of GIS\/LIS \u201890, held in Anaheim, California in November","author":"AL\u2013TAHA K. K.","year":"1990"},{"key":"CIT0002","unstructured":"ARMENAKIS , C. : 1991 , Report on the Temporal Dimension of Geographical Data . Geographical Services Division , Canada Centre for Mapping, Energy, Mines and Resources Canada ."},{"key":"CIT0003","unstructured":"CANADIAN HYDROGRAPHIC SERVICE: 1991 , An approach to handling electronic updates to electronic navigation charts . Unpublished paper from the Department of Fisheries and Oceans, November ."},{"key":"CIT0004","unstructured":"HOWARD , D. C. , and BARRY , C. J. : 1991 , Sampling the countryside of Great Britain: G1S for the detection and prediction of rural change . In Proceedings of GIS \u201891, held in Vancouver, British Columbia, in February , ( Canada : Ministry of Supply and Services ), pp. 171 \u2013 176 ."},{"key":"CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693798908941509"},{"key":"CIT0006","first-page":"291","volume-title":"Cartography and Geographical Information Systems","volume":"17","author":"LANGRAN G.","year":"1990"},{"key":"CIT0007","unstructured":"LANGRAN , G. : 1991 , Processing and publishing updates in an automated nautical charting system. In Proceedings of the Australasian Hydrographic Symposium held in Sydney in December. ( Sydney : The Hydrographic Society Australasian Branch ), pp. 89 \u2013 99 Also in Proceedings of the U.S. Hydrographic Conference \u201892, held in Baltimore, Maryland, February 1992 (Rockville, M: The Hydrographic Society of America), pp.124\u2013129 ."},{"key":"CIT0008","unstructured":"LANGRAN , G. : 1992a , States, events, and evidence: the principle entities of a temporal GIS. In Proceedings of GIS\/LIS \u201892, held in San Jose, California in November. ( Bethesda , M : American Congress on Surveying and Mapping ), pp. 416 \u2013 425 ."},{"key":"CIT0009","first-page":"18","volume-title":"The Compiler","volume":"10","author":"LANGRAN G.","year":"1992"},{"key":"CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"LUM . V . DADUM , P. , ERBD , R. , GUENAUGR , J . PISTOR , P. , WALCH , G. , WERNER , H. , and WOODFILL , J. : 1984 , Designing DBMS support for the temporal dimension. In Proceedings of the SIGMOD \u201884 Conference held in Boston, Massachusetts in June ( Palo Alto , CA : ACM ), pp. 115 \u2013 126 .","DOI":"10.1145\/602259.602276"},{"key":"CIT0011","volume-title":"The Seatrans Project","year":"1991"},{"key":"CIT0012","unstructured":"RHIND , D. , ADAMS , T. , FRASHR , S. E. G. , and ELSTON , M. : 1983 , Towards a national digital topographic data base: experiments in mass digitising, parallel processing, and detection of change . In Proceedings of Auto\u2013Cano 6, 2, held in Ottawa in November , edited by B. S. Wellar ( Steering Committee, Sixth International Symposium on Automated Cartography ) , pp. 428 \u2013 436 ."},{"key":"CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693798908941494"}],"container-title":["International journal of geographical information systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/02693799308901963","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,30]],"date-time":"2019-04-30T02:35:40Z","timestamp":1556591740000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02693799308901963"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,7]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/02693799308901963"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02693799308901963","relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-3798"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-3798","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,7]]}}}