{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T14:56:12Z","timestamp":1777474572175,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,1]],"date-time":"2006-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1146441600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: To determine brainstem volumes, number of plaques, and surface areas in the occipital lobes of patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS), and to investigate whether there is any correlation between brainstem volume and the number\/surface areas of plaque in the occipital lobes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Material and Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging was obtained on 14 relapsing-remitting (RR) and 13 secondary progressive (SP) MS patients and 26 female control subjects. The Cavalieri method was used by modern design stereology to measure brainstem volume. The point-counting grid was used to evaluate sclerotic plaque surface areas in the occipital lobe. The number of plaques in the imaging section was calculated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Results: Brainstem volumes for RR and SP with multiple sclerosis and control subjects were 3647\u2005mm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    , 3515\u2005mm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    , and 4517\u2005mm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    , respectively. Mean number of plaques in the right-left occipital lobe was found to be 2.7\u20133.4 in RR-MS and 5.2\u20132.8 in SP-MS. Mean plaque surface area in the right-left occipital lobe was determined to be 58.52\u201388.24\u2005mm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    in RR MS and 124.3\u201364.82\u2005mm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    in SP MS. Brainstem volumes were significantly reduced in both groups of patients with MS compared to controls ( P&lt;0.01).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion: Magnetic-resonance-estimated volume and surface area values in multiple sclerosis may facilitate our understanding of the clinical situation of patients and provide a simple index for evaluating therapeutic efficiency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/02841850600596800","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,3]],"date-time":"2006-05-03T11:17:28Z","timestamp":1146655048000},"page":"413-418","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging of brainstem volumes, plaques, and surface area in the occipital regions of patients with multiple sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"47","author":[{"suffix":"M. D.","given":"F.","family":"Alper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Histology, Neurology and Embryology, Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Kantarci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Histology, Neurology and Embryology, Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Altunkaynak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Histology, Neurology and Embryology, Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. O.","family":"Varoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Histology, Neurology and Embryology, Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Karaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Histology, Neurology and Embryology, Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Oral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Histology, Neurology and Embryology, Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Okur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Histology, Neurology and Embryology, Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"E00001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cruz\u2010Orive, L. M. and Weibel, E. R. (1990) Recent stereological methods for cell biology: a brief survey. <i>Am J Physiol<\/i>, 258, pp. 148 - 56.","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.1990.258.4.L148"},{"key":"E00002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ganter, P. and Prince, C. and Esiri, M. M. (1999) Spinal cord axonal loss in multiple sclerosis: a post\u2010mortem study. <i>Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol<\/i>, 25, pp. 459 - 67.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2990.1999.00205.x"},{"key":"E00003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ge, Y. and Grossman, R. I. and Udupa, J. K. and Wei, L. and Mannon, L. J. and Polansky, M. and (2000) Brain atrophy in relapsing\u2010remitting multiple sclerosis and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: longitudinal quantitative analysis. <i>Radiology<\/i>, 214, pp. 665 - 70.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.214.3.r00mr30665"},{"key":"E00004","unstructured":"Grossman, R. I. and McGowan, J. C. (1998) Perspective of multiple sclerosis. <i>Am J Neuroradiol<\/i>, 19, pp. 1251 - 65."},{"key":"E00005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gundersen, H. J. (1986) Stereology of arbitrary particles. A review of unbiased number and size estimators and the presentation of some new ones, in memory of William R. Thompson. <i>J Microsc<\/i>, 143, pp. 3 - 45.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2818.1986.tb02764.x"},{"key":"E00006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gundersen, H. J. and Bendtsen, T. F. and Korbo, L. and Marcussen, N. and Moller, A. and Nielsen, K. and (1988) Some new, simple and efficient stereological methods and their use in pathological research and diagnosis. <i>APMIS<\/i>, 96, pp. 379 - 94.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1699-0463.1988.tb05320.x"},{"key":"E00007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gundersen, H. J. G. and Jensen, E. B. 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