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First, are lexical associations with perception or motion sufficient to yield mental simulation, or is the integration of lexical semantics into larger structures, like sentences, necessary? Second, what linguistic elements (e.g., verbs, nouns, etc.) trigger mental simulations? Third, how detailed are the visual simulations that are performed? A series of behavioral experiments address these questions, using a visual object categorization task to investigate whether up\u2010 or down\u2010related language selectively interferes with visual processing in the same part of the visual field (following ). The results demonstrate that either subject nouns or main verbs can trigger visual imagery, but only when used in literal sentences about real space\u2014metaphorical language does not yield significant effects\u2014which implies that it is the comprehension of the sentence as a whole and not simply lexical associations that yields imagery effects. These studies also show that the evoked imagery contains detail as to the part of the visual field where the described scene would take place.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/03640210701530748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,18]],"date-time":"2008-04-18T18:25:56Z","timestamp":1208543156000},"page":"733-764","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":163,"title":["Spatial and Linguistic Aspects of Visual Imagery in Sentence Comprehension"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Benjamin K.","family":"Bergen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shane","family":"Lindsay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teenie","family":"Matlock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Srini","family":"Narayanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"Bailey D.When push comes to shove: A computational model of the role of motor control in the acquisition of action verbs1997Berkeley:University of CaliforniaUnpublished doctoral thesis"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","volume-title":"Outliers in statistical data","author":"Barnett V.","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X99002149"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"267","volume-title":"Conceptual structures and processes: Emergence, discovery, and change","author":"Barsalou L. 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