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Some argue that even early in development, effects of words stem from top\u2010down knowledge, whereas others argue that these effects stem from auditory input affecting attention allocated to visual input. Previous research (e.g., ) demonstrated that non\u2010speech sounds attenuate processing of corresponding visual input at 8, 12, and 16 months of age, whereas the current study demonstrates that words attenuate visual processing at 10 months but not at 16 months (Experiment 1). Furthermore, prefamiliarization with non\u2010speech sounds (Experiment 2) resulted in able processing of visual input by 16\u2010month\u2010olds. These findings suggest that some effects of labels found early in development may stem from familiarity with human speech. The possibility of general\u2010auditory factors underlying the effects of words on cognitive development is discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/03640210701863495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,21]],"date-time":"2008-03-21T22:20:41Z","timestamp":1206138041000},"page":"342-365","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["The Role of Words and Sounds in Infants' Visual Processing: From Overshadowing to Attentional Tuning"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Vladimir M.","family":"Sloutsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Christopher W.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jecp.1996.2332"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"381","article-title":"Establishing word\u2010object relations: A first step","volume":"60","author":"Baldwin D. 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