{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:42:00Z","timestamp":1791229320112,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,13]],"date-time":"2009-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1255392000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1442,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>: Optimal treatment of Graves' disease in paediatric patients is still a matter of controversy. Antithyroid drugs, radioiodine and thyroidectomy are the three therapeutic options available. <jats:italic>Aim<\/jats:italic>: To report our experience of long\u2010term medical treatment and outcome of paediatric Graves' disease.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods:<\/jats:italic> A 5\u2010y\u2010long medical protocol was implemented in 20 children and adolescents with Graves' disease. All patients received antithyroid drugs as the first therapeutic option; patients who did not enter long\u2010term remission received I<jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup> and\/or surgery as the definitive treatment.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic> The mean age at diagnosis was 12.1\u00b14 y. Only two patients were males, both presenting concomitant type 1 diabetes. Mean follow\u2010up was 13.8 \u00b1 5.5 y. Forty per cent of patients achieved long\u2010term remission with low antithyroid drugs doses (mean treatment time: 5.4\u00b1 1.4 y). Six patients received I<jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup> as definitive treatment and another six underwent surgery after completing medical treatment for 6.8 \u00b1 4.1 and 5.1 \u00b1 2 y, respectively. No patients requiring high antithyroid drugs doses to maintain euthy\u2010roidism reached long\u2010term remission and needed I<jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup> and\/or surgery.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> Implementation of a long\u2010term antithyroid drug protocol achieved 40% long\u2010term remissions in paediatric patients with Graves' disease. Need for maintained high doses of antithyroid drugs could be considered a predictive factor for no remission. When permanent remission was not obtained by medical treatment, I<jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup> and\/or surgery allowed healing in all cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/08035250500252872","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,22]],"date-time":"2005-11-22T19:48:20Z","timestamp":1132688900000},"page":"1583-1589","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Graves' disease in children and adolescents: Response to long\u2010term 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