{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T13:48:06Z","timestamp":1791208086336,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,29]],"date-time":"2007-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1175126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":209,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Aim: To evaluate the administration of an equimolar mixture of N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O and O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> for intratracheal intubation in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). <jats:italic>Design:<\/jats:italic> Prospective evaluation of N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O\/O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> in premature neonates with RDS. <jats:italic>Setting:<\/jats:italic> Tertiary neonatal unit from March to August 2003. <jats:italic>Patients:<\/jats:italic> Twenty\u2010six of 79 neonates admitted for RDS within 48 h of birth. <jats:italic>Intervention:<\/jats:italic> N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O\/O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was administered until muscle tone was suppressed. Surfactant was given intratracheally. Patients were extubated as soon as possible. <jats:italic>Main outcome measures:<\/jats:italic> The time needed for N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O\/O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> to suppress muscle tone, an evaluation of sedation\/analgesia through movements of the limbs, and indicators of stress\u2010related haemodynamic change, all recorded by an independent observer. <jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic> In the 26 patients, gestational age was 30.5 (25th, 75th percentile: 30, 32) wk and median body weight was 1540 (1220, 1900) g. Postnatal age at intubation was 2 (2, 3) h. N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O\/O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> administration time was 8 (6, 10) min (range 4\u201315 min). Sedation\/analgesia was complete in 77% of patients. No significant differences between pre\u2010procedure and post\u2010procedure values were found for heart rate (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.29) or mean arterial blood pressure (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.13) (paired Wilcoxon test). Time needed for intubation was 30 (20, 37) s (range 10\u201360 s). Side effects included transient agitation (3\/26) and retching (2\/26). Extubation occurred 5 (5, 10) min (range 2\u201315 min) after surfactant instillation. Apnoeas occurred in 3\/26 patients within 2 h after extubation. Two patients required reintubation to repeat surfactant administration within 24 h after extubation.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:italic>Conclusion:<\/jats:italic> N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O\/O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> may be helpful for intubation in preterm neonates. Larger randomized, double\u2010blind studies are needed for a thorough evaluation of effectiveness and safety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/08035250600698818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,12]],"date-time":"2006-05-12T20:25:55Z","timestamp":1147465555000},"page":"1104-1108","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Nitrous oxide analgesia for intubating preterm neonates: A pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Christophe","family":"Milesi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Odile","family":"Pidoux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Sabatier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malia","family":"Badr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Cambonie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Charles","family":"Picaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.103.2.e24"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.101.6.1006"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","first-page":"CD001456","article-title":"Early versus delayed selective surfactant treatment for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome","author":"Yost CC","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.6.e560"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198711193172105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.3.793","article-title":"The assessment and management of acute pain in infants, children and adolescent","volume":"108","author":"Americain Academy of Pediatrics","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08035250213224"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.83.2.F160c"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199201023260101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7269.1093"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","first-page":"11","volume-title":"Actualit\u00e9de r\u00e9animation pr\u00e9hospitali\u00e9re","author":"Souchot O.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0929-693X(00)00176-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003643-200202000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0929-693X(99)80572-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.2002.02866.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06575-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-199912000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-200311000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0929-693X(97)83360-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/0730-0832.21.6.15"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","first-page":"3","article-title":"Intubation endotracheale et soins des voies a\u00e9riennes. 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