{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T08:45:53Z","timestamp":1783154753090,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":136,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,28]],"date-time":"2022-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009592","name":"Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["19L2065"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19L2065"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009592","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81801643"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81801643"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009580","name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["QNC19047"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QNC19047"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009580","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003125","name":"Finnish Cultural Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003125","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006706","name":"Tampere Tuberculosis Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006706","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Jane & Aatos Erkko Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005633","name":"Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Reviews of Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/08830185.2022.2079642","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,28]],"date-time":"2022-05-28T10:28:20Z","timestamp":1653733700000},"page":"393-414","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["SARS-CoV-2 variants and COVID-19 vaccines: Current challenges and future strategies"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0333-890X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenping","family":"Gong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory\/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7323-8536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seppo","family":"Parkkila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"},{"name":"Fimlab Ltd, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8894-1929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xueqiong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory\/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6938-7835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashok","family":"Aspatwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11040579"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2021.36.e124"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14760584.2021.1938550"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08830185.2021.1922685"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7003e2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","unstructured":"Tegally H Wilkinson E Giovanetti M et\u00a0al. Emergence and rapid spread of a new severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) lineage with multiple spike mutations in South Africa. medRxiv: the preprint server for health sciences. 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","unstructured":"Wei Lin L Xiaoqiong G Federica A et\u00a0al. Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 tracking of variants Delta Delta plus Kappa and Beta in wastewater by allele-specific RT-qPCR. medRxiv: the preprint server for health sciences. 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15212\/ZOONOSES-2021-0024"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9071542"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abg3055"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.775224"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00318-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","unstructured":"FDA. Fact sheet for health care providers emergency use authorization (EUA) of bamlanivimab and etesevimab. Indianapolis USA; 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03398-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2107659"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2108891"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2021.1940305"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2021.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","unstructured":"Pearson CA Russell TW Davie NG et\u00a0al. Estimates of severity and transmissibility of novel South Africa SARS-CoV-2 variant 501Y.V2. 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","first-page":"57","volume-title":"Fact Sheet for Health Care Providers Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) of Regen-Covtm (Casirivimab and Imdevimab)","author":"FDA","year":"2021","unstructured":"FDA. Fact Sheet for Health Care Providers Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) of Regen-Covtm (Casirivimab and Imdevimab). New York, USA: U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA); 2021:57."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu K Werner AP Moliva JI et\u00a0al. mRNA-1273 vaccine induces neutralizing antibodies against spike mutants from global SARS-CoV-2 variants. bioRxiv: the preprint server for biology. 2021.","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.01.25.427948"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2102214"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2021.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7028e2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01290-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n1361"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n3151"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.acz9878"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cele S Jackson L Khan K et\u00a0al. SARS-CoV-2 Omicron has extensive but incomplete escape of Pfizer BNT162b2 elicited neutralization and requires ACE2 for infection. medRxiv: the preprint server for health sciences. 2021.","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.12.08.21267417"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pulliam JRC van Schalkwyk C Govender N et\u00a0al. Increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection associated with emergence of the Omicron variant in South Africa. medRxiv: the preprint server for health sciences. 2021.","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.11.11.21266068"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24272\/j.issn.2095-8137.2021.343"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_1","unstructured":"Katia B Lina SS Lei Q et\u00a0al. Effectiveness of mRNA-1273 against Delta Mu and other emerging variants. medRxiv: the preprint server for health sciences. 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_1","unstructured":"Mehul S Prabhu SA Mengyun H et\u00a0al. Durability of immune responses to the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. bioRxiv: the preprint server for biology. 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_1","unstructured":"Kei M Sundararaj SJ Hideaki K et\u00a0al. Neutralizing efficacy of vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2\u2009Mu variant. medRxiv: the preprint server for health sciences. 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tada T Zhou H Dcosta BM et\u00a0al. SARS-CoV-2 Lambda variant remains susceptible to neutralization by mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies and convalescent serum. bioRxiv: the preprint server for biology. 2021.","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.07.02.450959"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Acevedo ML Alonso-Palomares L Bustamante A et\u00a0al. Infectivity and immune escape of the new SARS-CoV-2 variant of interest Lambda. medRxiv: the preprint server for health sciences. 2021.","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.06.28.21259673"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_1","volume-title":"Providing Access to Monoclonal Antibody Treatment of Coronavirus (COVID-19) Patients in Rural and Underserved Areas","author":"Wood DA","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wood DA, Aleem A, Davis D. Providing Access to Monoclonal Antibody Treatment of Coronavirus (COVID-19) Patients in Rural and Underserved Areas. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_1","unstructured":"WHO. Classification of omicron (B.1.1.529): SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern. 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n2943"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.058"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2109905118"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00921-21"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_1","volume-title":"Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)","author":"COVID-19 Vaccines","year":"2006","unstructured":"COVID-19 Vaccines. Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed). Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2006."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2103055"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang B Dai L Wang H et\u00a0al. Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 VOC 501Y.V2 by human antisera elicited by both inactivated BBIBP-CorV and recombinant dimeric RBD ZF2001 vaccines. bioRxiv: the preprint server for biology. 2021.","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.02.01.429069"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao X Zheng A Li D et\u00a0al. Neutralization of recombinant RBD-subunit vaccine ZF2001-elicited antisera to SARS-CoV-2 variants including Delta. bioRxiv: the preprint server for biology. 2021.","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.07.15.452504"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(21)00068-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deng X Garcia-Knight MA Khalid MM et\u00a0al. Transmission infectivity and antibody neutralization of an emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant in California carrying a L452R spike protein mutation. medRxiv: the preprint server for health sciences. 2021.","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.03.07.21252647"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farinholt T Doddapaneni H Qin X et\u00a0al. Transmission event of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant reveals multiple vaccine breakthrough infections. medRxiv: the preprint server for health sciences. 2021.","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.06.28.21258780"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_1","article-title":"Rapid global spread of the SARS-CoV-2 delta (B.1.617.2) variant: spatiotemporal variation and public health impact","volume":"1","author":"Qi S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Qi S, XiaoPing D. Rapid global spread of the SARS-CoV-2 delta (B.1.617.2) variant: spatiotemporal variation and public health impact. Zoonoses. 2021;1.","journal-title":"Zoonoses"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00628-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2101544"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_1","unstructured":"Thomas SJ Moreira ED Kitchin N et\u00a0al. Six month safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. medRxiv: the preprint server for health sciences. 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ella R Reddy S Blackwelder W et\u00a0al. Efficacy safety and lot to lot immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (BBV152): a double-blind randomised controlled phase 3 trial. medRxiv: the preprint server for health sciences. 2021.","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.06.30.21259439"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_58_1","unstructured":"Novavax. Novavax COVID-19 vaccine demonstrates 89.3% efficacy in UK phase 3 trial. Novavax; 2021. https:\/\/ir.novavax.com\/news-releases\/news-release-details\/novavax-covid-19-vaccine-demonstrates-893-efficacy-uk-phase-3\u00ef\u00bb\u00bf."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2035389"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2034577"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32661-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00432-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.3645"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-20653-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.10.064"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_4431_20"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2026920"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2107456"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_69_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Tracking SARS-CoV-2 variants. https:\/\/wwwwhoint\/en\/activities\/tracking-SARS-CoV-2-variants\/\u00ef\u00bb\u00bf. 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03412-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00356-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.30367"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_73_1","article-title":"Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern B.1.1.7, B.1.351 or P.1: data from seven EU\/EEA countries, weeks 38\/2020 to 10\/2021. Euro surveillance: bulletin","author":"Funk T","year":"2021","unstructured":"Funk T, Pharris A, Spiteri G, et\u00a0al. Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern B.1.1.7, B.1.351 or P.1: data from seven EU\/EEA countries, weeks 38\/2020 to 10\/2021. Euro surveillance: bulletin. Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles\u2009=\u2009European Communicable Disease Bulletin. 2021;(16):2100348.","journal-title":"Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles\u2009=\u2009European Communicable Disease Bulletin"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramanathan M Ferguson ID Miao W et\u00a0al. SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 Spike variants bind human ACE2 with increased affinity. bioRxiv: the preprint server for biology. 2021.","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.02.22.432359"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n296"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00183-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2021.100171"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.04.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_79_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant now dominant in much of European region; efforts must be reinforced to prevent transmission warns WHO Regional Office for Europe and ECDC. https:\/\/wwweurowhoint\/en\/media-centre\/sections\/press-releases\/2021\/sars-cov-2-delta-variant-now-dominant-in-much-of-european-region-efforts-must-be-reinforced-to-prevent-transmission -warns-who-regional-office-for-europe-and-ecdc\u00ef\u00bb\u00bf. 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_80_1","unstructured":"American S. Why do variants such as delta become dominant? https:\/\/wwwscientificamericancom\/article\/why-do-variants-such-as-delta-become-dominant1\/\u00ef\u00bb\u00bf. 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2020.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03944-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_83_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Classification of omicron (B.1.1.529): SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern. https:\/\/wwwwhoint\/news\/item\/26-11-2021-classification-of-omicron-(b11529)-sars-cov-2-variant-of-concern\u00ef\u00bb\u00bf. 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43856-021-00048-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.737007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-021-01136-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5582\/bst.2020.03445"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37201\/req\/071.2021"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n292"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00306-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2020.100674"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02467-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42399-021-01059-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-021-00845-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.04.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01459-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-021-00121-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf4063"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abd7728"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13520"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martin DP Weaver S Tegally H et\u00a0al. The emergence and ongoing convergent evolution of the N501Y lineages coincides with a major global shift in the SARS-CoV-2 selective landscape. medRxiv: the preprint server for health sciences. 2021.","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.02.23.21252268"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.2828"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-021-00396-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2021.100185"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2005630"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2020.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-00480-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Katella K. Comparing the COVID-19 vaccines: how are they different? https:\/\/wwwyalemedicineorg\/news\/covid-19-vaccine-comparison. 2021.","DOI":"10.12816\/0059056"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.669339"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_111_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"The principles of disease elimination and eradication","volume":"76","author":"Dowdle WR.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dowdle WR. The principles of disease elimination and eradication. Bull World Health Organ. 1998;76(Suppl 2):22\u201325.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9070529"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abe5901"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5582\/bst.2021.01092"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.6019"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2021.102254"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-021-01515-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-021-03662-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2020101537"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.04.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abe2402"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_122_1","unstructured":"Anna RM Hasan U Liina H et\u00a0al. Intranasal inhibitor blocks omicron and other variants of SARS-CoV-2. Research Square. 2022. Preprint."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lana.2021.100029"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(21)00121-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03819-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01472-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_127_1","unstructured":"Limam A. What is a universal coronavirus vaccine and is it achievable? https:\/\/newseucgtncom\/news\/2021-03-21\/What-is-a-universal-coronavirus-vaccine-and-is-it-achievable\u2013YN8cpkETqU\/indexhtml\u00ef\u00bb\u00bf. 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_128_1","unstructured":"Page ML. Covid-resistant people point way to universal coronavirus vaccine. https:\/\/wwwnewscientistcom\/article\/2296980-covid-resistant-people-point-way-to-universal-coronavirus-vaccine\/\u00ef\u00bb\u00bf. 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-04186-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_130_1","unstructured":"CORONADX. Are we able to detect all coronavirus variants? https:\/\/coronadx-projecteu\/magazine\/are-we-able-to-detect-all-coronavirus-variants-2\/\u00ef\u00bb\u00bf. 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aspatwar A Gong W Wang S et\u00a0al. Tuberculosis vaccine BCG: the magical effect of the old vaccine in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic bioRxiv. 2021.","DOI":"10.1080\/08830185.2021.1922685"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_132_1","unstructured":"Jimenez D. A century-old tuberculosis vaccine could help fight Covid-19 in the elderly. https:\/\/wwwpharmaceutical-technologycom\/features\/tuber\u00adculosis-vaccine-covid-19-elderly\/\u00ef\u00bb\u00bf. 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2021.1956228"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.22112"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_135_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Vaccine equity. https:\/\/wwwwhoint\/campaigns\/vaccine-equity. 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_136_1","unstructured":"Crisis TC. Zoo animals are getting their COVID vaccines too. https:\/\/wwwnprorg\/2021\/11\/13\/1055503677\/zoo-animals-are-getting-their-covid-vaccines-too\u00ef\u00bb\u00bf. 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abd0831"}],"container-title":["International Reviews of Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/08830185.2022.2079642","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T12:27:59Z","timestamp":1698755279000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/08830185.2022.2079642"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,28]]},"references-count":136,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/08830185.2022.2079642"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/08830185.2022.2079642","relation":{},"ISSN":["0883-0185","1563-5244"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0883-0185","type":"print"},{"value":"1563-5244","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=iiri20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=iiri20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2022-03-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-05-09","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-05-28","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}