{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T12:16:41Z","timestamp":1777897001512,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]],"date-time":"2013-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1380585600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Substance Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Heroin-abusing patients present a significant challenge. Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) allow evaluation of residents\u2019 clinical skills. The objective of this study was to examine residents\u2019 OSCE performance assessing and managing heroin abuse.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evaluation and comparison of heroin-specific communication, assessment, and management skills in a 5-station postgraduate year 3 (PGY3) substance abuse OSCE. Faculty used a 4-point Likert scale to assess residents\u2019 skills; standardized patients provided written comments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two hundred sixty-five internal and family medicine residents in an urban university hospital participated over 5\u00a0years. In the heroin station, residents\u2019 skills were better (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001 for both comparisons) in communication (mean overall score: 316 \u00b1 0.51) than in either assessment (mean overall score: 2.66 \u00b1 0.60) or management (mean overall score: 2.50 \u00b1 0.73). The mean score for assessing specific high-risk behaviors was lower than the mean overall assessment score (222 \u00b1 1.01\u00a0vs. 2.74 \u00b1 .59;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .0001), and the mean score for recommending appropriate harm reduction management strategies was lower than the mean overall management score (2.39 \u00b1 .89\u00a0vs. 2.54 \u00b1 .74;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .005). Standardized patients\u2019 comments reflected similar weaknessess in residents\u2019 skills.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Assessment and management of heroin abuse were more challenging for residents than general communication. Additional training is required for residents to assess and counsel patients about high-risk behaviors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1080\/08897077.2013.776658","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,9]],"date-time":"2013-04-09T11:44:15Z","timestamp":1365507855000},"page":"350-355","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Teaching and Assessing Residents\u2019 Skills in Managing Heroin Addiction with Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs)"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Sharon J.","family":"Parish","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa R.","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Division of Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven R.","family":"Hahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uri","family":"Goldberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia H.","family":"Arnsten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Division of Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). Results from 2007 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: national findings. Available at: http:\/\/www.oas.samsha.gov\/NSDUH\/2k7NSDUH\/2k7results.cfm. Accessed September 15 2008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). 2008. \u201cOffice of Applied Study\u201d. In 2006: National Estimates of Drug-Related Emergency Department Visits Rockville MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. DAWN Series D-30 DHHS Publication No. (SMA) 08-4339. Available at: https:\/\/dawninfo.samsha.gov\/files\/ED2006\/DAWN2k6ED.pdf. Accessed August 15 2008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. 2007. \u201cOffice of Applied Studies\u201d. In Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) Highlights. 2006 National Admissions to Substance Abuse Treatment Services Rockville MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. OAS Series S-40 DHHS Publication No. (SMA) 08-4313. Available at: http:\/\/www.oas.samsha.gov\/teds2k6highlights\/toc.cfm. Accessed July 15 2008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). Office of Applied Studies. April 26 2007. Drug and Alcohol Services Information System (DASIS). The DASIS report: heroine\u2014changes in how it is used 1995\u20132005. Available at: http:\/\/www.oas.samhsa.gov\/2k7\/heroinTX\/heroinTX.cfm. Accessed September 15 2008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08897070009511413"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J069v15n01_01"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","first-page":"213","volume-title":"Training About Alcohol and Substance Abuse for All Primary Care Physicians","author":"Fleming M.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Fleming M. 1990. \u201cCompetencies for substance abuse training\u201d. 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