{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T04:39:36Z","timestamp":1783139976268,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396310400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Substance Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overdose is a leading cause of death for former prisoners, exacting its greatest toll during the first 2 weeks post release. Protective effects have been observed with training individuals at high risk of overdose and prescribing them naloxone, an opioid antagonist that reverses the effects of the opioid-induced respiratory depression that causes death.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"cases\">\n                    <jats:title>Cases<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The authors report 2 people with opiate use histories who self-administered intranasal naloxone to treat their own heroin overdoses following release from prison. Patient A is a 34-year-old male, who reported having experienced an overdose on heroin the day after he was released from incarceration. Patient B is a 29-year-old female, who reported an overdose on her first injection of heroin, 17\u00a0days post release from incarceration. Both patients self-administered the medication but were assisted at some point during the injury by a witness whom they had personally instructed in how to prepare and administer the medication. Neither patient experienced withdrawal symptoms following exposure to naloxone.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"discussion\">\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Self-administration of naloxone should not be a goal of overdose death prevention training. A safer, more reliable approach is to prescribe naloxone to at-risk patients and train and also equip members of their household and social or drug-using networks in overdose prevention and response.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1080\/08897077.2013.825691","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,13]],"date-time":"2013-08-13T10:57:09Z","timestamp":1376391429000},"page":"129-132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Two Cases of Intranasal Naloxone Self-Administration in Opioid Overdose"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Traci C.","family":"Green","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Emergency Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"},{"name":"The Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"},{"name":"The Center for Prisoner Health and Human Rights, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeline","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Emergency Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah E.","family":"Bowman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Emergency Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"McKenzie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"},{"name":"The Center for Prisoner Health and Human Rights, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josiah D.","family":"Rich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"},{"name":"The Center for Prisoner Health and Human Rights, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa064115"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2007.121855"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2007.02081.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2005.01051.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.272"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32834f19b6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.14205"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","first-page":"101","article-title":"Community-based opioid overdose prevention programs providing naloxone\u2014United States, 2010","volume":"61","author":"Wheeler E","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wheeler E, Davidson P, Jones T, Irwin K. 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