{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T12:17:13Z","timestamp":1777897033321,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,1]],"date-time":"2014-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Substance Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective was to study substance abuse, infectious disease, and patient outcomes (retention and substance abuse abstinence) over 2 decades in a large methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) facility within a tertiary-referral medical center.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prevalence of substance abuse was determined monthly between 1993 (35 patients) and 2013 (350 patients) based on observed random urine tests. On entry, patients were tested for hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies. One-year retention and substance abuse abstinence were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At admission, mean age and rate of cocaine and benzodiazepines abuse increased over the years, with no change in the prevalence of hepatitis C (50%) and HIV (&lt;10%). Retention rate increased ( P = .008) (range: 42.9%\u201392.4%; overall: 76.2%) and opiate abstinence also increased ( P = .006) (range: 49.1%\u201385.7%; overall: 68.1%), reflecting outcome improvement over the years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Outcome improvement could be attributed to the staff's growing experience and improvements in treatment but also to changes in patient characteristics over the past 2 decades.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1080\/08897077.2014.899944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,4]],"date-time":"2014-04-04T11:42:29Z","timestamp":1396611749000},"page":"226-229","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Trends in Substance Abuse and Infectious Disease over 20 Years in a Large Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) Clinic in Israel"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Einat","family":"Peles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. Miriam & Sheldon G. Adelson Clinic for Drug Abuse, Treatment and Research, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaul","family":"Schreiber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. Miriam & Sheldon G. Adelson Clinic for Drug Abuse, Treatment and Research, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Adelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. Miriam & Sheldon G. Adelson Clinic for Drug Abuse, Treatment and Research, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-08897077.2014.899944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J126v01n04_02"},{"key":"bibr2-08897077.2014.899944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2005.09.004"},{"key":"bibr3-08897077.2014.899944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0b013e3181e6ad48"},{"key":"bibr4-08897077.2014.899944","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000336313"},{"key":"bibr5-08897077.2014.899944","first-page":"30","volume":"73","author":"Hawks RL","year":"1986","journal-title":"NIDA Res Monogr."},{"key":"bibr6-08897077.2014.899944","unstructured":"Effective Medical Treatment of Opiate Addiction. NIH Consensus Statement. 1997, November 17\u201319;15(6):1\u201338. 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HIV\/AIDS in Israel: Periodic Epidemiological Report 1981\u20132011 [Hebrew]. Available at: http:\/\/www.health.gov.il\/PublicationsFiles\/AIDS_PeriodicReport2012.pdf.pdf(page4). Published 2012. Accessed June, 2014."},{"key":"bibr18-08897077.2014.899944","unstructured":"Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Persons diagnosed with HIV and AIDS, by exposure category and sex. Available at: http:\/\/www.cbs.gov.il\/shnaton64\/st06_16.pdf. Published 2014. Accessed 2014."},{"key":"bibr19-08897077.2014.899944","unstructured":"Zuckerman E. Liver Unit, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel. Hepatitis C in Israel. Conversation with H. A. 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