{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T12:18:02Z","timestamp":1777897082465,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Substance Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to describe the delivery of prenatal care services to women with opioid use disorder (OUD) on opioid maintenance therapy at high risk for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective cohort evaluation of 791 pregnant women with OUD from 2009 to 2012. HCV screening was defined as documentation of (a) an anti-HCV antibody test or (b) a provider discussion regarding a known HCV diagnosis during pregnancy. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors of HCV screening during pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 791 pregnant women with OUD, 611 (77.2%) were screened for HCV infection and 369\/611 (60.4%) were HCV positive. In multivariable analysis, patients who were married (odds ratio [OR] = 0.52; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.29, 0.91), used buprenorphine (OR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.28, 0.71), and were cared for by private practice providers (OR = 0.29; 95% CI = 0.19, 0.45) were significantly less likely to be screened. In contrast, patients who used benzodiazepines (OR = 1.72; 95% CI = 1.02, 2.92), intravenous (IV) opioids (OR = 6.15; 95% CI = 3.96, 9.56), had legal problems (OR = 2.23; 95% CI = 1.12, 4.45), had children not in their custody (OR = 1.81; 95% CI = 1.01, 3.24), and who had a partner with substance abuse history (OR = 2.38; 95% CI = 1.23, 4.59) were significantly more likely to be screened. Of 369 HCV-positive patients, a new diagnosis of HCV was made during pregnancy for 108 (29.3%) patients. Only 94 (25.5%) had HCV viral load testing, 61 (16.5%) had HCV genotype testing, and 38 (10.4%) received an immunization for hepatitis A. Although 285 (77.2%) patients were referred to hepatology, only 71 (24.9%) attended the consultation. Finally, only 6 (1.6%) patients received HCV treatment 1 year following delivery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prenatal care approaches to HCV infection remain inconsistent, and the majority of patients diagnosed with HCV infection during pregnancy do not receive treatment after delivery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1080\/08897077.2015.1118720","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,16]],"date-time":"2015-11-16T18:58:25Z","timestamp":1447700305000},"page":"88-95","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Screening and Evaluation of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Pregnant Women on Opioid Maintenance Therapy: A Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Elizabeth E.","family":"Krans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"},{"name":"Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan L.","family":"Zickmund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, Veteran's Administration (VA) Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vinod K.","family":"Rustgi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seo Young","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shannon L.","family":"Dunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleanor B.","family":"Schwarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-159-5-201309030-00672"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"1044","article-title":"Hepatitis C: screening in pregnancy","volume":"94","author":"Burns DN","year":"1999","unstructured":"Burns DN, , Minkoff H. 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