{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T22:43:20Z","timestamp":1787006600418,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Substance Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alcohol and opioid use disorders are common among adults under community supervision. Although several medications (medication-assisted treatment or MAT) are Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved to treat such disorders, they are underutilized with this population despite established effectiveness at decreasing substance use. This paper examines how community correctional agents\u2019 understanding of addiction and views of MAT influence their professional actions regarding addiction medications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 118 semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with community correctional agents taking part in the CJ-DATS MATICCE implementation study across 20 parole\/probation offices in 9 US states. Using grounded theory methodology and an iterative analytic approach, issues of role perception, views of MAT, current treatment referral, and community supervision practices were explored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Agents often had limited autonomy to make direct treatment referrals, regardless of their views of MAT, as they were required to follow court orders and their organization's policies and procedures. Within some organizations, community correctional agents held sufficient autonomy to make direct treatment referrals, with agents struggling to reconcile their desire to support their clients who needed MAT with concerns about the abuse potential of opioid agonist medications. Viewing MAT as a \u201ctreatment of last resort\u201d was counterbalanced by the view that it was an effective evidence-based practice. Agents described how MAT impacted their ability to supervise clients and how their knowledge and understanding of MAT was directly influenced by watching their clients who were successful or unsuccessful on MAT. Even those agents who were more accepting of MAT were largely unsupportive of it long-term use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Community correctional agents\u2019 views of MAT were influenced by their understanding of addiction as well as their experiences supervising clients receiving treatment with medications, but whether or not MAT referrals were made was not always within their control.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1080\/08897077.2015.1129389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,10]],"date-time":"2016-02-10T02:43:06Z","timestamp":1455072186000},"page":"127-133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Community Correctional Agents\u2019 Views of Medication-Assisted Treatment: Examining Their Influence on Treatment Referrals and Community Supervision Practices"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Shannon Gwin","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Friends Research Institute, Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Willet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Work, University of Connecticut, West Hartford, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura B.","family":"Monico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Friends Research Institute, Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Work, University of Connecticut, West Hartford, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle S.","family":"Rudes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advancing Correctional Excellence, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jill","family":"Viglioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texsa, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert P.","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Friends Research Institute, Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Friends Research Institute, Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter D.","family":"Friedmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"},{"name":"Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"},{"name":"Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1402780"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","unstructured":"Global Commission on Drug Policy. 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