{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T12:19:38Z","timestamp":1777897178373,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]],"date-time":"2018-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538352000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R25 MH101078"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R25 MH101078"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01 DA10713"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DA10713"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Substance Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Background<\/jats:italic>\n                    : Homeless individuals with alcohol use disorders have multiple comorbidities and therefore various service needs. Despite need for services, homeless individuals face numerous barriers to treatment. Little is known about the associations of specific services in relation to homelessness in the context of alcohol problems. The current study analyzed 2-year prospective longitudinal data on a homeless sample, examining relationships between alcohol use disorder, alcohol use, housing status, and service use over time.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Methods<\/jats:italic>\n                    : Two hundred fifty-five of 400 individuals recruited systematically from shelters and street locations completed 3 annual assessments (69% completion). Data on lifetime and current psychiatric disorders, housing status, and past-year service use were obtained and merged with service use data gathered from local agencies. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models were created to predict dependent outcome variables of stable housing, alcohol use, and service use in both follow-up years.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                    Lifetime alcohol use disorder was positively associated with substance and medical service use. Alcohol problems did not hinder attainment of stable housing, and placement in housing did not necessarily increase risk for alcohol use. Stable housing was negatively associated with psychiatric and substance service use. In the second year, when alcohol use was finally associated with receiving substance services, it appears that these services provided a gateway to psychiatric services. The psychiatric services in turn appeared to provide a gateway to medical services.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n                    : Alcohol use behaved differently compared with lifetime alcohol use disorder in relation to service use. Lack of association between alcohol use and housing supports Housing First policy. Obtaining housing may have ameliorative effects on mental health, diminishing perceived need for psychiatric services. Services may also be more accessible during homelessness. Obtaining substance treatment may provide a gateway for those who use alcohol after becoming homeless to connect with psychiatric and medical services, informing policy and practice.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/08897077.2018.1449169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,29]],"date-time":"2018-03-29T11:03:48Z","timestamp":1522321428000},"page":"497-504","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Associations of Alcohol Use Disorder, Alcohol Use, Housing, and Service Use in A Homeless Sample of 255 Individuals Followed over 2 Years"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Olubunmi O.","family":"Asana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emine R.","family":"Ayvaci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Pollio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Work, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barry A.","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carol S.","family":"North","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA;"},{"name":"The Altshuler Center for Education &amp; 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